Q: Which equation best represents the relationship between fever and metabolic rate?

$$Metabolic\ Rate \propto \text{Body Temperature}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a physical barrier in the innate immune system?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes in lymph nodes

Question 2

A patient presents with a genetic defect that prevents the production of lysozyme in their saliva and tears. Which consequence is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Increased susceptibility to bacterial infections in the mouth and eyes

Question 3

Which cell type is primarily responsible for immune surveillance and the destruction of virus-infected or cancerous cells in innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

Natural Killer (NK) cells

Question 4

During inflammation, which chemical mediator is released by mast cells and basophils to increase vascular permeability?

Accepted Answer

Histamine

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of interferons in innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

They interfere with viral replication in infected cells.

Question 6

A child swallows a small amount of bacteria with food. Which first line of defense is most likely to neutralize these microbes before they cause infection?

Accepted Answer

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of the complement system in innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

Promotes opsonization and lysis of pathogens

Question 8

Which process involves leukocytes moving toward the site of infection in response to chemical signals?

Accepted Answer

Chemotaxis

Question 9

A patient with a fever has a body temperature of 39°C. What is the physiological benefit of this temporary elevation in temperature?

Accepted Answer

It accelerates metabolic activity and body defenses.

Question 10

Which of the following is a chemical barrier that continuously cleanses and lubricates the mouth, containing IgA?

Accepted Answer

Saliva

Question 11

Which step in the inflammatory response is responsible for the redness and heat observed at the site of injury?

Accepted Answer

Vasodilation and increased blood flow

Question 12

Which antimicrobial protein is most directly involved in promoting wound healing and supporting innate defenses?

Accepted Answer

Defensins

Question 13

A patient with chronic dry mouth is at increased risk for oral infections. Which component of the innate immune system is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Salivary IgA

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events during phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Chemotaxis → Adherence → Engulfment → Digestion

Question 15

Which equation best represents the relationship between fever and metabolic rate?

Accepted Answer

$$Metabolic\ Rate \propto 	ext{Body Temperature}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of mucus in the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Traps microbes and particulates

Question 17

A patient with a deficiency in complement proteins would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Reduced ability to lyse and opsonize pathogens

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the innate immune system?

Accepted Answer

Production of highly specific antibodies

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why normal bacterial flora are considered part of the innate immune system?

Accepted Answer

They compete for nutrients and space, preventing pathogen colonization.

Question 20

Which of the following is a multi-step process that involves both chemical and cellular components of innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defense System (Chapter 20)

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