Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy focuses on the structure of body parts, while physiology focuses on the function of those parts.

Question 2

Arrange the following levels of structural organization in order from simplest to most complex: 1) Organism, 2) Organ System, 3) Organ, 4) Tissue, 5) Cell, 6) Molecule, 7) Atom.

Accepted Answer

7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1

Question 3

Which environmental factor is MOST directly required for gas exchange during respiration?

Accepted Answer

Pressure

Question 4

A patient is unable to maintain a stable internal body temperature despite changes in the external environment. Which homeostatic component is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Receptor

Question 5

Which of the following is the most common type of feedback loop in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback

Question 6

During childbirth, uterine contractions stimulate the release of oxytocin, which intensifies contractions. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT one of the five environmental factors required to sustain life?

Accepted Answer

Light

Question 8

A person’s blood pressure fluctuates within a narrow range throughout the day. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Dynamic equilibrium maintained by homeostasis

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why it is important to appreciate anatomical and physiological variation?

Accepted Answer

Because physiological differences can affect medical treatment and diagnosis.

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence for a homeostatic feedback system?

Accepted Answer

Stimulus → Receptor → Control Center → Effector

Question 11

If the body’s internal temperature rises above the set point, which of the following responses is most likely to occur as part of a negative feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

Sweat glands increase secretion to cool the body.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a control center in a homeostatic feedback system?

Accepted Answer

Brain or spinal cord

Question 13

Which of the following physiological processes is an example of responsiveness?

Accepted Answer

Cells adjusting their activity in response to changes in the internal environment

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct definition of homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes inside or outside the body.

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of loss of homeostatic control?

Accepted Answer

Illness or even death

Question 16

A person is exposed to cold temperatures. Which of the following best describes the negative feedback response?

Accepted Answer

Blood vessels in the skin constrict to reduce heat loss.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function required for life?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of differentiation?

Accepted Answer

A stem cell becoming a muscle cell

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of effectors in a homeostatic feedback system?

Accepted Answer

They carry out the response to restore homeostasis.

Question 20

A person’s metabolic rate increases in response to higher levels of thyroid hormone. Which homeostatic component is responsible for this change?

Accepted Answer

Effector

Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology: Organization, Homeostasis, and Feedback

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