Q: Which equation best represents the relationship between the proportion of cells and ECM in a tissue?

$$\text{Tissue type} = \frac{\text{Number of cells}}{\text{Volume of ECM}}$$

Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the tensile strength provided by collagen fibers in the ECM?

$$\text{Tensile strength} = \text{Collagen concentration} \times \text{Fiber diameter}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It gives strength to resist tensile and compressive forces, and holds cells in proper positions within the tissue.

Question 2

Which component of the ECM is primarily responsible for its ability to resist stretching forces?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 3

A patient suffers a burn that damages the epithelial tissue of the skin. Which property of stratified squamous epithelium is most relevant to its protective function?

Accepted Answer

Multiple cell layers with keratinization

Question 4

Which equation best represents the relationship between the proportion of cells and ECM in a tissue?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Tissue type} = \frac{	ext{Number of cells}}{	ext{Volume of ECM}}$$

Question 5

Which type of epithelial tissue is best suited for rapid diffusion of substances such as oxygen and carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 6

A gland that releases its product by exocytosis without damaging the cell is classified as which type?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine gland

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct real-world example of a location where transitional epithelium is found?

Accepted Answer

Lining of the urinary bladder

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why simple columnar epithelium in the small intestine often contains microvilli?

Accepted Answer

To enhance absorption by increasing surface area

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in the ECM?

Accepted Answer

Generating action potentials

Question 10

A biopsy reveals a single layer of cube-shaped cells with large central nuclei lining a gland. Which type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete products into ducts; endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Question 12

Which of the following equations correctly represents the tensile strength provided by collagen fibers in the ECM?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Tensile strength} = 	ext{Collagen concentration} 	imes 	ext{Fiber diameter}$$

Question 13

Which tissue type is characterized by cells with little ECM and is found lining body surfaces and cavities?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 14

A patient with a genetic defect in proteoglycan synthesis would most likely have problems with which ECM property?

Accepted Answer

Water retention and gel-like consistency

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of goblet cells in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Production of mucus to protect and lubricate surfaces

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct sequence of organization from smallest to largest in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism

Question 17

Which type of epithelial tissue is most likely to be found in the ducts of sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the basement membrane in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

It anchors epithelial cells to underlying connective tissue.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why pseudostratified columnar epithelium appears layered?

Accepted Answer

Nuclei are at different heights, but all cells touch the basement membrane.

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of a defect in cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of tissue separation and blister formation

Introduction to Human Physiology: Tissue Types and the Extracellular Matrix

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