Question 1

Which of the following is a major function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in tissues?

Accepted Answer

It regulates the development, mitotic activity, and survival of cells in a tissue.

Question 2

A patient has a genetic defect that prevents the formation of collagen fibers in their connective tissue. Which of the following symptoms would MOST likely result from this defect?

Accepted Answer

Decreased resistance to tension and pressure in tissues.

Question 3

Which type of cell junction is responsible for preventing the movement of macromolecules between adjacent epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 4

Simple squamous epithelium is best adapted for which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

Rapid diffusion of gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 5

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found in the epidermis of the skin. What is the primary function of keratin in these cells?

Accepted Answer

Keratin makes the epithelium tough and resistant to friction.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes merocrine secretion in exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Secretory cells release their product by exocytosis without damaging the cell.

Question 7

A tissue sample is observed to have cells embedded in a gel-like ECM with abundant elastic fibers. Which type of connective tissue is MOST likely present?

Accepted Answer

Elastic connective tissue

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of fibroblasts in connective tissue proper?

Accepted Answer

They produce and maintain the extracellular matrix.

Question 9

A researcher is studying the transport of ions across a simple cuboidal epithelium. Which property of this tissue makes it suitable for this function?

Accepted Answer

Large central nuclei and cube-shaped cells that facilitate active transport

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why stratified epithelia are found in areas subject to high degrees of mechanical stress?

Accepted Answer

They provide multiple layers of cells that act as a protective barrier.

Question 11

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between the number of cell layers ($$n) $$and the type of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 1$$ \rightarrow$$ Simple epithelium; n$$ \u003e 1$$ \rightarrow$$ Stratified epithelium

Question 12

Gap junctions are essential in cardiac muscle cells because they:

Accepted Answer

Allow electrical signals to pass rapidly from one cell to another.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of reticular fibers in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

They create a meshwork or scaffold that supports cells and ground substance.

Question 14

A biopsy reveals epithelial cells with microvilli on their apical surface. What is the primary benefit of microvilli in these cells?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli increase the surface area for absorption of substances.

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the transport function of blood as a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Blood is the main transport medium in the body for nutrients, gases, and waste products.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream; exocrine glands release products onto epithelial surfaces.

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of simple columnar epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Cells are tall and rectangular, often with microvilli or cilia on their apical surface.

Question 18

A patient has a mutation that affects the production of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in their ground substance. Which tissue property would MOST likely be affected?

Accepted Answer

The tissue's ability to retain water and nutrients.

Question 19

Which of the following equations represents the function of elastic fibers in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

$$L_{stretched} = 1.5 	imes L_{rest}$$

Introduction to Tissues: Structure, Function, and Classification

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