Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic vessels in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and help transport lymphocytes.

Question 2

A patient has swollen lymph nodes in the neck after a throat infection. What is the most likely reason for this swelling?

Accepted Answer

Proliferation of lymphocytes and increased filtration of pathogens.

Question 3

Which of the following is a major difference between diffuse and follicular lymphoid tissue?

Accepted Answer

Follicular tissue contains organized clusters of lymphocytes, while diffuse tissue is scattered throughout connective tissue.

Question 4

Which lymphoid organ is the site of T lymphocyte maturation?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 5

MALT (Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue) is most important for defending which part of the body?

Accepted Answer

The body's entryways, such as the respiratory, digestive, and genitourinary tracts.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Producing red blood cells in adults.

Question 7

A person with a damaged spleen may have difficulty with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Filtering pathogens from the blood and recycling old red blood cells.

Question 8

Which equation correctly represents Boyle's Law, which explains how volume changes cause pressure changes in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

$$P_1$$ $$V_1$$ = $$P_2$$ $$V_2$$

Question 9

During inspiration, which of the following occurs in the thoracic cavity?

Accepted Answer

The diaphragm contracts and thoracic volume increases, causing air to flow in.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of surfactant in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

It decreases surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse and aiding gas exchange.

Question 11

A patient is experiencing rapid, shallow breathing after climbing a mountain. Which physiological process is most likely responsible for this change?

Accepted Answer

Hyperventilation due to decreased oxygen partial pressure at high altitude.

Question 12

Which of the following equations represents the relationship described by Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures?

Accepted Answer

$$P_{total} = P_1$ + P_2$ + P_3$ + \ldots$$

Question 13

Which statement best describes the transport of oxygen in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is mostly bound to hemoglobin within red blood cells.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of the adaptive immune response?

Accepted Answer

It involves B and T lymphocytes that recognize specific antigens and provide long-term immunity.

Question 15

Which antibody class is most abundant in plasma and is responsible for secondary immune responses?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 16

A patient with a deficiency in T cells would most likely have problems with which type of immunity?

Accepted Answer

Cellular (cell-mediated) immunity

Question 17

Which of the following best explains the process of phagocytosis in innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytes engulf and digest pathogens and cellular debris.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the upper respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

It warms, humidifies, and filters incoming air before it reaches the lungs.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of chemoreceptors in the brain stem regarding respiration?

Accepted Answer

They sense changes in blood pH, CO$$_2$$, and O$$_2$$ levels to adjust respiratory rate and depth.

Question 20

A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty exhaling air, leading to increased residual volume and decreased gas exchange.

Lymphatic, Immune, and Respiratory Systems: Study Guide

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제