Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones such as insulin

Question 2

A patient has a fracture in the diaphysis of their femur. Which part of the bone is affected?

Accepted Answer

The central shaft of the bone

Question 3

Which bone cell type is primarily responsible for breaking down bone matrix and releasing minerals into the blood?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 4

During endochondral ossification, what is the original tissue that is replaced by bone?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why a person’s arm appears smaller after being immobilized in a cast for several weeks?

Accepted Answer

Lack of movement and stress leads to decreased bone growth and bone mass

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bone shape and example?

Accepted Answer

Flat bone – parietal bone

Question 7

Which process is responsible for the formation of most bones in the human body, especially long bones?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 8

What is the main mineral stored in bone, and what is its chemical formula?

Accepted Answer

Calcium phosphate, $$Ca_3$$($$PO_4)_2$

Question 9

Which structure allows osteocytes to communicate and exchange nutrients within compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Canaliculi

Question 10

A 12-year-old girl is experiencing rapid growth in height. Which structure in her long bones is primarily responsible for this growth?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone contains osteons, while spongy bone contains trabeculae

Question 12

Which of the following equations best represents the process of bone resorption by osteoclasts?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_3$$($$PO_4)_2$$ \rightarrow $$3Ca^{2+} + 2PO$$_$$4^{3-}$$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Bone remodeling allows bones to adapt to new stresses and can replace up to one-fifth of the skeletal mass each year

Question 14

A patient with osteoporosis has bones that are more porous and brittle. Which of the following best explains this condition?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity, leading to bone resorption

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

A connective tissue covering with an outer fibrous layer and an inner cellular layer

Question 16

Which of the following best describes hemopoiesis?

Accepted Answer

The production of blood cells in red bone marrow

Question 17

A 25-year-old athlete increases the intensity of their weight training. What is the expected effect on their bones?

Accepted Answer

Bones will become thicker and stronger due to increased remodeling

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage model forms, cartilage is replaced by bone, epiphyseal plates allow growth, plates close at maturity

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why spongy bone is found at the epiphyses of long bones?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone is lighter and can absorb forces from multiple directions at the joint

Module 6.1: Introduction to the Skeletal System (Anatomy & Physiology)

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