Q: Which equation correctly represents the breakdown of ATP during muscle contraction?

$$\mathrm{ATP} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P_i} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

A patient presents with muscle weakness and delayed relaxation after contraction. Laboratory tests reveal abnormal calcium handling in the muscle cells. Which organelle is most likely dysfunctional?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 2

During a marathon, which muscle fiber type is predominantly recruited for sustained, aerobic activity?

Accepted Answer

Slow oxidative fibers

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the role of acetylcholinesterase at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

Breaks down acetylcholine

Question 4

A muscle cell at rest has a membrane potential of approximately $$-70\ \mathrm{mV}. $$What is the primary cause of this resting potential?

Accepted Answer

Higher permeability to $$K^+$$ ions than $$Na^+$$ ions

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the breakdown of ATP during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P_i} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 6

A patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy has a mutation in the gene coding for which protein?

Accepted Answer

Dystrophin

Question 7

Which process is responsible for the rapid generation of ATP during the initial seconds of intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Direct phosphorylation by creatine phosphate

Question 8

If a muscle fiber is unable to contract despite continuous stimulation, which term best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in excitation-contraction coupling?

Accepted Answer

Action potential travels along sarcolemma $$\rightarrow$$ $$Ca^{2+}$$ released from sarcoplasmic reticulum $$\rightarrow$$ Troponin binds $$Ca^{2+}$$ $$\rightarrow$$ Cross-bridge formation

Question 10

Which structure anchors actin filaments in a sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

Z disc

Question 11

A triad in skeletal muscle consists of:

Accepted Answer

Two terminal cisternae and one T tubule

Question 12

Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 13

Which phase is NOT part of a muscle twitch?

Accepted Answer

Refractory period

Question 14

Which protein covers actin's binding sites at rest?

Accepted Answer

Tropomyosin

Question 15

Which ion is essential for muscle contraction by binding to troponin?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca^{2+}$$

Question 16

Which exercise type leads mainly to muscle hypertrophy?

Accepted Answer

Resistance training

Question 17

Which connective tissue layer surrounds individual muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 18

Which function of muscle tissue helps regulate body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Generating heat

Question 19

Which protein forms the thick filament in a sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

Myosin

Question 20

Which term refers to muscle loss due to aging?

Accepted Answer

Sarcopenia

Muscle & Muscle Tissue: Structure, Function, and Physiology

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드