$$ \text{ATP} \rightarrow \text{ADP} + \text{P}_i + \text{energy} $$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all muscle tissue types?

Accepted Answer

Ability to generate heat

Question 2

A patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is most likely to experience which of the following cellular events?

Accepted Answer

Excess calcium entry due to sarcolemma tears

Question 3

Which muscle tissue type is found in the walls of hollow organs and is described as non-striated and involuntary?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle

Question 4

During muscle contraction, which protein forms cross bridges with actin filaments?

Accepted Answer

Myosin

Question 5

Which connective tissue sheath surrounds individual muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 6

A muscle fiber is stimulated and contracts. Which structure is responsible for storing and releasing calcium ions to initiate contraction?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of myofilaments in a sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

Actin filaments are anchored to Z discs and myosin filaments are connected at M lines

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of skeletal muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining posture and body position

Question 9

A triad in skeletal muscle consists of:

Accepted Answer

One T tubule and two terminal cisterns

Question 10

Which of the following prefixes is commonly used in muscle terminology?

Accepted Answer

Myo-

Question 11

Which statement about cardiac muscle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is involuntary and striated

Question 12

If a muscle is attached to bone via a sheet-like structure, this attachment is called:

Accepted Answer

Aponeurosis

Question 13

Which of the following is the smallest contractile unit of a muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

Sarcomere

Question 14

Which regulatory proteins are bound to actin in thin filaments?

Accepted Answer

Troponin and tropomyosin

Question 15

A muscle cell's ability to return to its original length after being stretched is called:

Accepted Answer

Elasticity

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of T tubules in skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Transmit electrical impulses deep into the muscle fiber

Question 17

Which equation best represents the transformation of chemical energy to mechanical energy in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{ATP} ightarrow 	ext{ADP} + 	ext{P}_i + 	ext{energy} $$

Question 18

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of defective dystrophin in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Loss of regenerative capacity and increased apoptosis

Question 19

Which structure is responsible for the coin-shaped sheet of proteins found at the midline of the I band?

Accepted Answer

Z disc

Question 20

A muscle fiber contains many glycosomes and myoglobin. What is the primary function of these components?

Accepted Answer

Storage of glycogen and oxygen

Muscles and Muscle Tissue: Structure and Function

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