Question 1

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexion at the shoulder joint when contracting from the anterior side?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 2

A muscle that crosses the posterior side of the shoulder joint will most likely produce which movement?

Accepted Answer

Extension

Question 3

Phil Heath, as shown in the image, demonstrates hypertrophy of which muscle group that is primarily responsible for adduction and medial rotation of the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 4

If a muscle acts as an antagonist to the pectoralis major at the shoulder joint, which of the following is most likely its primary action?

Accepted Answer

Extension

Question 5

Which equation best represents the relationship between torque ($$	au) $$produced by a muscle and the force ($$F) it $$generates at a joint, given the moment arm ($$r$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$	au = F 	imes r$$

Question 6

A bodybuilder is performing a bench press, primarily activating the pectoralis major. Which movement is occurring at the shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

Flexion

Question 7

Which muscle is the antagonist to the pectoralis major during shoulder flexion?

Accepted Answer

Latissimus dorsi

Question 8

If the pectoralis major is paralyzed, which movement at the shoulder joint would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Flexion

Question 9

During a lat pulldown exercise, which muscle is primarily responsible for extension at the shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

Latissimus dorsi

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the functional relationship between the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi at the shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

Antagonists in flexion and extension

Question 11

A muscle crossing the anterior side of the shoulder joint contracts with a force of $$F = 200\ \mathrm{N}$$ and a moment arm of $$r = 0.04\ \mathrm{m}. $$What is the torque produced at the joint?

Accepted Answer

$$8\ \mathrm{N \cdot m}$$

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true regarding muscle actions at the shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

Muscles crossing the anterior side produce flexion

Question 13

Which muscle would be most active during the upward phase of a push-up?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 14

If a patient has difficulty extending their arm at the shoulder joint, which muscle is most likely weakened?

Accepted Answer

Latissimus dorsi

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi are considered antagonists?

Accepted Answer

They produce opposite actions at the shoulder joint

Muscles: Structure, Function, and Actions at the Shoulder Joint

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