Question 1

Which nerve innervates the trapezius muscle, and what is one of its primary functions regarding scapular movement?

Accepted Answer

CN XI (Spinal Accessory); superior rotation of the scapula

Question 2

The upper limb is NOT firmly attached to the axial skeleton. What anatomical consequence does this have?

Accepted Answer

It has extra muscles to help stabilize and move the limb

Question 3

Which muscle is responsible for both elevating and inferiorly rotating the scapula?

Accepted Answer

Levator scapulae

Question 4

A patient presents with difficulty retracting their scapula. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Rhomboids

Question 5

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

Teres major

Question 6

If the dorsal scapular nerve is damaged, which movement of the scapula would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Retraction and elevation

Question 7

Which muscle originates from the occipital bone and spines of C7-T12 and inserts on the acromion, spine of scapula, and lateral clavicle?

Accepted Answer

Trapezius

Question 8

Which action is produced by the sequential contraction of the superior and inferior parts of the trapezius?

Accepted Answer

Superior rotation of the scapula

Question 9

A patient has lost the ability to depress and protract their scapula. Which muscle and nerve are most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis minor; medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 10

Which muscle is a synergist with the rhomboids in retracting the scapula?

Accepted Answer

Trapezius

Question 11

Which equation best represents the relationship between force ($$F$$), mass ($$m$$), and acceleration ($$a) $$when considering muscle contraction moving the scapula?

Accepted Answer

$$F = m 	imes a$$

Question 12

Which muscle is primarily responsible for protracting the scapula?

Accepted Answer

Serratus anterior

Question 13

Which muscle is innervated by the axillary nerve and laterally rotates the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Teres minor

Question 14

Which muscle originates from the inferior angle of the scapula and inserts on the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus, but is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

Teres major

Question 15

Which muscle is an antagonist to the pectoralis major in extension of the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid (posterior fibers)

Question 16

If a patient cannot elevate their scapula, which muscle is most likely paralyzed?

Accepted Answer

Levator scapulae

Question 17

Which muscle is responsible for both adduction and medial rotation of the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 18

Which muscle is innervated by the lower subscapular nerve and is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

Teres major

Question 19

Which muscle, when contracted together, helps stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity?

Accepted Answer

Rotator cuff muscles

Question 20

Which of the following is a common attachment point for the muscles of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

Greater tubercle of the humerus

Muscles that Move the Shoulder and Upper Limb: Scapula and Humerus Musculature 10.1

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