Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the connective tissue layers surrounding a skeletal muscle from outermost to innermost?

Accepted Answer

Epimysium, Perimysium, Endomysium

Question 2

A patient is unable to flex their forearm at the elbow. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 3

Which ion is primarily responsible for initiating muscle contraction by binding to troponin?

Accepted Answer

Ca$$^{2+}$$

Question 4

During a muscle contraction, which filament slides past the other to shorten the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

Thin filaments slide past thick filaments

Question 5

Which structure is the smallest functional unit of a skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Sarcomere

Question 6

A trumpet player uses which muscle to purse their lips and play their instrument?

Accepted Answer

Orbicularis oris

Question 7

Which muscle is primarily responsible for chewing (mastication)?

Accepted Answer

Masseter

Question 8

What is the main function of the diaphragm?

Accepted Answer

Respiration (inspiration)

Question 9

Which nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior forearm responsible for wrist flexion?

Accepted Answer

Median nerve

Question 10

Which muscle group is located on the posterior side of the thigh and is responsible for knee flexion?

Accepted Answer

Hamstrings

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of an antagonist muscle?

Accepted Answer

It opposes the action of the agonist

Question 12

A blood sample is most commonly obtained from which site in the upper limb?

Accepted Answer

Median cubital vein

Question 13

Which muscle is part of the rotator cuff and is responsible for abduction of the arm?

Accepted Answer

Supraspinatus

Question 14

Which equation best represents the relationship between tension ($$T$$), force ($$F$$), and cross-sectional area ($$A) in $$muscle physiology?

Accepted Answer

$$T = \frac{F}{A}$$

Question 15

Which muscle is responsible for plantar flexion of the foot and is attached to the calcaneal tendon?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius

Question 16

Which of the following ions is most important for repolarization of the muscle cell membrane after an action potential?

Accepted Answer

K$$^+$$

Question 17

A patient presents with difficulty extending their wrist. Which nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Radial nerve

Question 18

Which of the following best describes muscle tone?

Accepted Answer

Sustained partial contraction of muscles

Question 19

Which anatomical landmark is used to palpate the pulse at the ankle?

Accepted Answer

Medial malleolus of the tibia

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the neuromuscular junction (NMJ)?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where a motor neuron communicates with a muscle fiber

Muscular System: Structure, Function, and Regional Anatomy Study Guide

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