Question 1

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the rotator cuff group?

Accepted Answer

Teres major

Question 2

A patient presents with difficulty initiating abduction of the arm at the shoulder joint. Which rotator cuff muscle is most likely injured?

Accepted Answer

Supraspinatus

Question 3

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexion of the elbow and inserts on the coronoid process of the ulna?

Accepted Answer

Brachialis

Question 4

The biceps brachii muscle is unique among the anterior arm muscles because it:

Accepted Answer

Supinates the forearm and flexes the elbow

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the rotator cuff muscles at the glenohumeral joint?

Accepted Answer

They act as dynamic ligaments, stabilizing the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity during movement

Question 6

A baseball pitcher suffers a tear of the infraspinatus muscle. Which movement will be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Lateral rotation of the humerus

Question 7

Which muscle attaches to the coracoid process of the scapula and the shaft of the humerus, and is involved in flexion and adduction of the arm?

Accepted Answer

Coracobrachialis

Question 8

During a push-up, which muscle is primarily responsible for protracting the scapula against the thoracic wall?

Accepted Answer

Serratus anterior

Question 9

Which of the following correctly matches a muscle with its compartment and primary action?

Accepted Answer

Triceps brachii – posterior compartment – elbow extension

Question 10

A patient is unable to supinate their forearm. Which muscle is most likely compromised?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 11

Which of the following muscles is a major medial rotator of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint?

Accepted Answer

Subscapularis

Question 12

If the axillary nerve is damaged, which muscle is most likely to be paralyzed, resulting in loss of abduction of the arm beyond 15 degrees?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 13

Which muscle originates from the inferior angle of the scapula and inserts on the medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Teres major

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the action of the pectoralis major muscle?

Accepted Answer

Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus

Question 15

A patient with a fractured surgical neck of the humerus is unable to abduct their arm beyond 15 degrees. Which nerve and muscle are most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Axillary nerve and deltoid muscle

Question 16

Which muscle is a powerful extensor of the elbow and inserts on the olecranon process of the ulna?

Accepted Answer

Triceps brachii

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the biceps brachii is a more effective supinator of the forearm when the elbow is flexed?

Accepted Answer

The biceps brachii's tendon inserts on the radial tuberosity, allowing it to rotate the radius more efficiently when the elbow is flexed

Question 18

Which muscle is responsible for downward rotation and retraction of the scapula?

Accepted Answer

Rhomboid major

Question 19

A patient is unable to elevate their scapula. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Levator scapulae

Question 20

Which of the following correctly matches a muscle with its origin and insertion?

Accepted Answer

Brachialis: origin on anterior distal humerus, insertion on coronoid process of ulna

Myology of the Shoulder and Arm: Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes

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