Question 1

Which of the following is the correct order of airflow as it travels from the terminal bronchioles to the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Terminal bronchioles → alveolar ducts → alveolar sacs → alveoli

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major processes of respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve

Question 3

A patient is diagnosed with a condition that affects the structure in the lower respiratory tract that lacks cartilage but contains a large amount of smooth muscle. Which structure is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Bronchioles

Question 4

During swallowing, which structure prevents food and liquids from entering the larynx?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottis

Question 5

Which of the following bones does NOT contain a paranasal sinus?

Accepted Answer

Lacrimal bone

Question 6

Which type of alveolar cell is responsible for producing surfactant to reduce surface tension in the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Type II alveolar cells

Question 7

What is the primary epithelial tissue type that lines most of the respiratory mucosa?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Question 8

What is the main advantage of breathing through the nose rather than the mouth?

Accepted Answer

The nose warms, humidifies, and filters inhaled air.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Blood cell production

Question 10

The $$\underline{	ext{visceral pleura}} is $$the serous membrane lining which part of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

The surface of the lungs

Question 11

What anatomical structures increase air turbulence to extract dust and other debris from air traveling through the nasal cavity?

Accepted Answer

Nasal conchae and meatuses

Question 12

Which of the following structures is NOT associated with the larynx?

Accepted Answer

Carina

Question 13

A patient with a genetic defect in surfactant production is most likely to experience which of the following problems?

Accepted Answer

Alveolar collapse due to increased surface tension

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the epiglottis during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

It covers the laryngeal inlet to prevent aspiration of food and liquids.

Question 15

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between partial pressure and gas exchange in the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

$$Fick's\ Law:\ J = D \cdot A \cdot \frac{(P_1$ - P_2$)}{T}$$

Question 16

A patient inhales a foreign object that becomes lodged in a structure lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. Where is the object most likely located?

Accepted Answer

Trachea

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the nasal cavity is more effective than the mouth at filtering inhaled air?

Accepted Answer

The nasal conchae create turbulence, increasing contact with mucosa and trapping particles.

Question 18

If the smooth muscle in the bronchioles contracts excessively, which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Airflow to the alveoli will decrease, increasing airway resistance.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the pleurae is correct?

Accepted Answer

The visceral pleura covers the surface of the lungs, while the parietal pleura lines the thoracic cavity.

Question 20

A patient with a blocked nasal conchae would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Reduced air filtration and increased risk of respiratory infection

Respiratory System: Structure, Function, and Key Concepts

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