Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of articular cartilage in the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

It covers the surfaces of bones at joints to reduce friction and absorb shock.

Question 2

Which bone class is most likely to be found where stresses come from many directions?

Accepted Answer

Spongy (cancellous) bone

Question 3

A patient presents with a fracture in the distal tibia and fibula after a sports injury. What type of fracture is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Pott fracture

Question 4

Which of the following correctly matches the bone cell with its function?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes – maintain bone matrix and can trigger remodeling

Question 5

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity and increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 6

What is the primary mineral component of bone that provides resistance to compression?

Accepted Answer

Calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite)

Question 7

During bone growth, which process is responsible for increasing the length of long bones?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial growth at the epiphyseal plate

Question 8

A child with inadequate Vitamin D is most likely to develop which bone disorder?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 9

Which structure in compact bone allows for the passage of blood vessels and nerves between osteons?

Accepted Answer

Perforating (Volkmann's) canals

Question 10

If the inorganic matrix is removed from bone, what property is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Bone becomes flexible and unable to resist compression.

Question 11

Which of the following equations best represents the chemical composition of hydroxyapatite, the main mineral in bone?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_5$$($$PO_4)_3OH$

Question 12

A patient with excessive secretion of human growth hormone (hGH) after closure of the epiphyseal plates is likely to develop:

Accepted Answer

Acromegaly

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It contains osteoprogenitor cells and is a site for tendon and ligament attachment.

Question 14

Which type of bone cell is derived from monocytes and is responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

It involves both bone deposition by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts.

Question 16

Which of the following is a multi-step process that occurs during fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose levels

Question 18

Which bone shape is found within a tendon and provides protection from stress and wear?

Accepted Answer

Sesamoid bone

Question 19

Which of the following statements about bone marrow is correct?

Accepted Answer

Red bone marrow is found primarily in flat bones in adults.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why osteoporosis is more common in postmenopausal women?

Accepted Answer

Decreased estrogen leads to reduced bone deposition and increased bone resorption.

Skeletal System: Bone Tissue – Structure, Function, and Classification

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