Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Provides protection for the brain, spinal cord, and thoracic organs

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture in the femur. Based on bone classification by shape, which type of bone is the femur?

Accepted Answer

Long bone

Question 3

Which hormone is produced by osteoblasts and is involved in bone formation and regulation of blood glucose?

Accepted Answer

Osteocalcin

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 5

A bone is classified as a flat bone if it is:

Accepted Answer

Thin, flat, and usually curved

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why bones are considered organs?

Accepted Answer

They are composed of several tissue types, including bone CT, cartilage, blood vessels, and epithelial tissue

Question 7

During bone remodeling, which cell type is responsible for breaking down bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 8

Which equation best represents the relationship between bone mass and remodeling rate?

Accepted Answer

$$M_{bone} = M_{initial} + (R_{formation} - R_{resorption}) 	imes t$$

Question 9

A child is diagnosed with a deficiency in osteocalcin. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone formation and impaired glucose regulation

Question 10

Which of the following bones is classified as a sutural bone?

Accepted Answer

Small, flat bone found between cranial bones

Question 11

Which function of bone is most directly related to the homeostasis of calcium in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Mineral storage

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bone type and example?

Accepted Answer

Flat bone – scapula

Question 13

If a person has a genetic mutation that impairs the function of osteoblasts, which process would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Bone formation

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the appendicular skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Formed from 126 named bones including the upper and lower limbs and pelvic and pectoral girdles

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of osteocalcin released into the blood?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates testosterone production

Question 16

A patient presents with brittle bones and frequent fractures. Which tissue type in bone is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Bone connective tissue

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why cartilage is more flexible and resilient than bone?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage contains more water and elastic fibers than bone

Question 18

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of total bones in the adult human skeleton?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{total} = N_{axial} + N_{appendicular}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body pH

Question 20

A person is unable to move their limbs due to a genetic disorder affecting the appendicular skeleton. Which bones are most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Upper and lower limb bones, pelvic and pectoral girdles

Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Classification of Bones

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