Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of bones in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones for metabolism

Question 2

A patient presents with bowed legs and pelvic deformities due to improper deposition of calcium salts during childhood. Which condition is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 3

Which type of cartilage is most abundant in the human body and provides support, flexibility, and resilience?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 4

Which bone cell is responsible for breaking down bone matrix during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 5

A long bone grows in length primarily through which process?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial growth at the epiphyseal plate

Question 6

Which equation best represents the normal range of blood calcium concentration in humans?

Accepted Answer

$$9-11 \, \mathrm{mg}/100 \, \mathrm{ml}$$

Question 7

Which type of ossification is responsible for the formation of most bones below the skull, such as the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 8

A 12-year-old boy is diagnosed with giantism. Which hormone is most likely oversecreted during his childhood?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone (hGH)

Question 9

According to Wolff's law, which of the following best explains why the bones of a tennis player's dominant arm are thicker and stronger than the non-dominant arm?

Accepted Answer

Bone adapts to mechanical stress by increasing density where stress is greatest

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence for bone repair after a fracture?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling

Question 11

Which of the following joint types allows the greatest range of movement and is found in the hip?

Accepted Answer

Ball and socket synovial joint

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the chemical composition of bone that provides its hardness and resistance to compression?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate crystals)

Question 13

A fracture in which the bone ends penetrate the skin is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Compound (open)

Question 14

Which hormone is released in response to falling blood calcium levels and stimulates osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 15

Which of the following is a homeostatic imbalance characterized by bone resorption exceeding bone deposition, commonly seen in postmenopausal women?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of the periosteum in bone structure?

Accepted Answer

It covers the outer surface of bone and contains osteogenic cells

Question 17

Which of the following equations represents the process of bone resorption by osteoclasts converting calcium salts into soluble forms?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca}_3(\mathrm{PO}_4)_2 \rightarrow 3\mathrm{Ca}^{2+} + 2\mathrm{PO}_4$$^{3-}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding the structure of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

It contains osteons with central (Haversian) canals housing blood vessels and nerves

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Membrane bone develops from fibrous membrane, forming flat bones

Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Components

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드