Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 2

A patient presents with bowed legs and bone pain. Laboratory tests reveal a vitamin D deficiency. Which disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Osteomalacia (Rickets in children)

Question 3

Which type of cartilage is most abundant in the human body and provides support with flexibility and resilience?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 4

During endochondral ossification, what is the correct sequence of events?

Accepted Answer

Formation of bone collar, cavitation of hyaline cartilage, invasion of periosteal bud, formation of medullary cavity, appearance of secondary ossification centers

Question 5

A 65-year-old woman is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following best explains the pathophysiology of her condition?

Accepted Answer

Imbalance favoring bone resorption over bone deposition

Question 6

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating osteoclast activity in response to low blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 7

A long bone increases in length at the epiphyseal plate. Which zone is responsible for the rapid division of chondrocytes that pushes the epiphysis away from the diaphysis?

Accepted Answer

Proliferation (growth) zone

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between appositional and interstitial growth of cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth increases cartilage thickness by adding new matrix on the outside; interstitial growth expands cartilage from within by division of chondrocytes.

Question 9

Which bone cell type is responsible for bone resorption and is derived from hematopoietic stem cells?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 10

A patient has a fracture that does not penetrate the skin and the bone ends remain aligned. How would this fracture be classified?

Accepted Answer

Closed, nondisplaced

Question 11

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between bone mass, bone deposition, and bone resorption over time?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta M = D - R$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about the organic and inorganic components of bone?

Accepted Answer

Organic components include osteoid and collagen; inorganic components include hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate crystals).

Question 13

A 10-year-old child is growing rapidly. Which hormone is most important for stimulating activity at the epiphyseal plate during this period?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why bones are hollow in the center (medullary cavity) rather than solid throughout?

Accepted Answer

Hollow bones reduce weight without sacrificing strength, as compression and tension forces cancel each other out in the center.

Question 15

A patient with a herniated intervertebral disc is most likely experiencing a rupture of which structure?

Accepted Answer

Anulus fibrosus

Question 16

Which of the following best describes Wolff's Law?

Accepted Answer

Bone grows or remodels in response to the demands placed on it.

Question 17

A 30-year-old male presents with excessive and disorganized bone remodeling, resulting in weak, enlarged bones. Which disease is most consistent with these findings?

Accepted Answer

Paget's disease

Question 18

Which of the following best explains the role of canaliculi in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They connect lacunae, allowing osteocytes to exchange nutrients and waste.

Question 19

A patient with a parathyroid tumor is found to have hypercalcemia. Which of the following is a likely consequence if this condition persists?

Accepted Answer

Formation of kidney stones due to calcium salt deposits

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of bone repair after a fracture?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling

Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Development

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드