Question 1

Which of the following best describes the inorganic portion of bone extracellular matrix (ECM)?

Accepted Answer

It is made primarily of calcium phosphate crystals and accounts for 65% of bone mass.

Question 2

A patient with a genetic defect in collagen synthesis would most likely have problems with which portion of the bone ECM?

Accepted Answer

Organic portion, leading to reduced collagen fibers and osteoid ground substance.

Question 3

Which cell type is primarily responsible for bone deposition and synthesizing the organic portion of the ECM?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts

Question 4

What is the main function of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down bone ECM by secreting hydrogen ions and enzymes.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones for metabolism.

Question 6

A patient with impaired osteoclast function would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Reduced bone breakdown, leading to abnormally dense bones.

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents the percentage composition of bone mass?

Accepted Answer

$$Organic\ Portion = 35\%$$, Inorganic\ Portion = 65\%$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the location and function of osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

Found in lacunae; produce substances for bone maintenance.

Question 9

Bone marrow is essential for hematopoiesis. What does hematopoiesis refer to?

Accepted Answer

Formation of blood cells.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about blood as a connective tissue is correct?

Accepted Answer

Blood ECM is called plasma and contains water, dissolved solutes, and globular proteins.

Question 11

A patient with a deficiency in platelets would most likely have problems with which physiological process?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct function of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Carrying oxygen in the blood

Question 13

Which connective tissue is responsible for the transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, and wastes?

Accepted Answer

Blood

Question 14

If a patient’s bone tissue lacked sufficient calcium phosphate crystals, which property of bone would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Hardness and ability to resist compression

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why bones are considered a special connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

They have a calcified matrix with collagen fibers and support, protect, and provide levers for muscular action.

Question 16

Which cell type would be most active during the healing of a bone fracture?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts

Question 17

Which of the following is a multi-step process involving both osteoblasts and osteoclasts?

Accepted Answer

Bone remodeling, which includes deposition by osteoblasts and resorption by osteoclasts.

Question 18

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between bone mass and its components?

Accepted Answer

$$Bone\ Mass = Organic\ Portion + Inorganic\ Portion$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the vascularization of bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes in lacunae are well vascularized, allowing for efficient nutrient and waste exchange.

Special Connective Tissues: Bone and Blood - Chapter 4 P2

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