Q: If the organic portion of bone ECM accounts for 35% of bone mass, and the inorganic portion accounts for 65%, what is the total mass of the organic portion in a bone weighing 800 g?

$$800 \times 0.35 = 280\ \mathrm{g}$$

Q: If a bone contains 520 g of inorganic portion and 280 g of organic portion, what percentage of the bone mass is inorganic?

$$\frac{520}{520 + 280} \times 100 = 65\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They secrete hydrogen ions and enzymes to break down the ECM during bone resorption.

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with a disorder that impairs the deposition of calcium phosphate crystals in bone. Which portion of the bone ECM is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

The inorganic portion, which is made primarily of calcium phosphate crystals.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Producing insulin for glucose regulation.

Question 4

If the organic portion of bone ECM accounts for 35% of bone mass, and the inorganic portion accounts for 65%, what is the total mass of the organic portion in a bone weighing 800 g?

Accepted Answer

$$800 	imes 0.35 = 280\ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 5

Which cell type is responsible for synthesizing the organic portion of the bone ECM and producing chemicals required for calcium salt deposition?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts

Question 6

A bone biopsy reveals cells living in lacunae and producing substances for bone maintenance. What are these cells called?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why bone tissue is considered a special connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It has a rigid, calcified matrix with collagen fibers and supports, protects, and provides levers for muscular action.

Question 8

A patient with osteoporosis has increased activity of which bone cell type, leading to excessive bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 9

Which of the following statements about bone marrow is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is responsible for the formation of red blood cells (hematopoiesis).

Question 10

If a bone contains 520 g of inorganic portion and 280 g of organic portion, what percentage of the bone mass is inorganic?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{520}{520 + 280} 	imes 100 = 65\%$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bone cell type and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts – bone resorption

Question 12

A patient is unable to properly deposit calcium salts in their bone ECM. Which process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Bone deposition

Question 13

Which of the following components is found in the organic portion of bone ECM?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of bone in the body?

Accepted Answer

It supports, protects vital organs, provides attachment sites for muscles, stores calcium salts, and houses bone marrow.

Question 15

Which cell type is most likely to be found in lacunae within bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes

Question 16

A researcher is studying the process of bone maintenance. Which cell type should they focus on?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes

Question 17

Which of the following is a direct consequence of the bone ECM being well vascularized?

Accepted Answer

Bone tissue can easily undergo hematopoiesis.

Question 18

If a bone is composed of 65% inorganic portion and 35% organic portion, what is the ratio of inorganic to organic mass?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{65}{35} = 1.86$$

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a component of the bone ECM?

Accepted Answer

Platelets

Question 20

A patient with a genetic mutation affecting collagen synthesis would most likely have defects in which portion of the bone ECM?

Accepted Answer

Organic portion

Special Connective Tissues: Bone and Blood- part 3

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