Question 1

Which structure is considered the functional unit of a skeletal muscle, responsible for contraction?

Accepted Answer

The sarcomere

Question 2

A sheetlike extension of the epimysium is called a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

Aponeurosis

Question 3

Thick filaments are found in which region of the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

A band

Question 4

In a resting muscle cell, the myosin-binding sites on actin are blocked by which protein?

Accepted Answer

Tropomyosin

Question 5

T tubules are an extension of which structure in a muscle cell?

Accepted Answer

Sarcolemma

Question 6

When a muscle cell is at rest, most of the cellular calcium is stored in the __________.

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

Calcium ions will bind to __________ when present in the sarcoplasm, initiating muscle contraction.

Accepted Answer

Troponin

Question 8

What substance must bind to myosin heads in order for the heads to detach from the thin filaments during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 9

Calcium is released from the terminal cisterns of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in response to __________.

Accepted Answer

An action potential

Question 10

How does calcium reenter the terminal cisterns of the sarcoplasmic reticulum after muscle contraction is finished?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 11

A single contraction in response to a single threshold stimulus is defined as a __________.

Accepted Answer

Twitch

Question 12

The force exerted by a contracting muscle is called __________.

Accepted Answer

Muscle tension

Question 13

The time that elapses between the stimulation of a muscle and the contraction of that muscle is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

Latent period

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the force of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Method of muscle stimulation

Question 15

Skeletal muscle contractions increase in strength because of __________.

Accepted Answer

Recruitment of motor units

Question 16

The energy source that is used directly for muscle contraction is __________.

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 17

Muscle soreness may be due in part to which pathway of ATP production?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic glycolysis

Question 18

After about 30 minutes of exercise, which substance becomes the major source of fuel for muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acid

Question 19

Which activity would be most dependent upon creatine phosphate for energy?

Accepted Answer

Tennis

Question 20

Which term refers to the length of time a muscle can continue to contract using aerobic pathways?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic endurance

Study Notes: Chapter 9 – Muscles and Muscle Tissue

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