Question 1

Which of the following best describes the chemical level of organization in the human body?

Accepted Answer

It is the most basic level, consisting of atoms and molecules that affect the characteristics and functioning of the entire organism.

Question 2

Matter is defined as:

Accepted Answer

Anything that takes up space and has mass.

Question 3

Which subatomic particle is responsible for the atomic number of an element?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Question 4

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called:

Accepted Answer

Isotopes

Question 5

Which statement about electrons is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons orbit the nucleus at high speed and are much lighter than protons.

Question 6

A molecule of water ($$H_2O) is $$classified as:

Accepted Answer

A molecule and a compound

Question 7

Which of the following is true regarding ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

They are created by the electrical attraction between anions and cations.

Question 8

What is the result when a sodium atom donates an electron to a chlorine atom?

Accepted Answer

A sodium ion (+1) and a chloride ion (-1) are formed, which join to create sodium chloride.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 10

If an atom loses an electron, it becomes:

Accepted Answer

A cation

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct example of a decomposition reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$AB \rightarrow A + B$$

Question 12

Hydrolysis is a type of reaction that:

Accepted Answer

Uses water molecules to break apart complex molecules.

Question 13

Which property of water is most important for regulating body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Its high heat capacity.

Question 14

A solution with a pH of 5 has how many times more hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 7?

Accepted Answer

100 times

Question 15

Which of the following is a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

Hydrochloric acid ($$HCl$$), which dissociates completely in solution.

Question 16

What is the main difference between organic and inorganic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds contain carbon covalently bonded with hydrogen.

Question 17

Which of the following is a polysaccharide stored in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 18

Which type of fatty acid contains one or more double covalent bonds between carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acid

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage as the main reserve

Question 20

What is the consequence of denaturation of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The protein loses its three-dimensional shape and becomes nonfunctional.

The Chemical Level of Organization: Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

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