$$\text{Body mass}_{\text{skeletal}} = 0.20 \times \text{Total body mass}$$

Question 1

Which of the following bones is NOT part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Femur

Question 2

What is the primary function of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone?

Accepted Answer

To allow passage of olfactory nerves from the nasal cavity to the brain

Question 3

A patient presents with mastoiditis following a middle ear infection. Why is this condition potentially dangerous?

Accepted Answer

The mastoid air cells are separated from the brain by a thin bony plate, increasing risk of brain infection

Question 4

Which bone is considered the 'keystone' of the cranial floor because it articulates with all other cranial bones?

Accepted Answer

Sphenoid bone

Question 5

How many bones are found in the adult human skeleton, and what accounts for the difference compared to infants?

Accepted Answer

206 bones; fusion of bones during development

Question 6

Which of the following correctly matches the region of the vertebral column with its number of vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

Cervical: 7, Thoracic: 12, Lumbar: 5

Question 7

Which structure forms the major portion of the elbow joint with the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Ulna

Question 8

A patient has a herniated intervertebral disc. Which structure is most likely to protrude and compress a spinal nerve?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus pulposus

Question 9

Which of the following bones does NOT contribute to the formation of the orbit?

Accepted Answer

Occipital bone

Question 10

Which feature of the femur allows it to transmit the weight of the body from the hip to the knee?

Accepted Answer

Its thick shaft and articulation with the tibia

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the arches of the foot?

Accepted Answer

They are maintained by interlocking bones, ligaments, and tendons

Question 12

Which bone is the only bone in the body that does not articulate directly with any other bone?

Accepted Answer

Hyoid bone

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the facial bones?

Accepted Answer

Securing teeth

Question 14

Which of the following is a difference between the male and female pelvis?

Accepted Answer

The female pelvis is wider and shallower to facilitate childbirth

Question 15

Which equation best represents the percentage of body mass accounted for by the skeleton?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Body mass}_{	ext{skeletal}} = 0.20 	imes 	ext{Total body mass}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a consequence of aging on the vertebral column?

Accepted Answer

Intervertebral discs become thinner and less elastic, increasing risk of herniation

Question 17

Which of the following bones is part of the pectoral girdle?

Accepted Answer

Clavicle

Question 18

Which abnormal spinal curvature is characterized by an exaggerated thoracic curve?

Accepted Answer

Kyphosis

Question 19

Which bone forms the anterior portion of the hard palate?

Accepted Answer

Maxilla

Question 20

A newborn's skull contains fontanelles. What is their primary function?

Accepted Answer

To allow for brain growth and ease passage through the birth canal

The Human Skeleton: Structure and Organization

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