Question 1

Which layer of the skin is primarily responsible for producing keratin and contains cells that are continuously undergoing mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that is red, painful, and only affects the epidermis. What type of burn is this?

Accepted Answer

First-degree burn

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells

Question 4

A person with a genetic lack of melanin resulting in very pale skin, hair, and eyes is most likely diagnosed with:

Accepted Answer

Albinism

Question 5

Which type of gland is most responsible for cooling the body through the production of watery sweat?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine (eccrine) gland

Question 6

Which pigment is primarily responsible for the brownish-black coloration of human skin?

Accepted Answer

Eumelanin

Question 7

A patient has a skin lesion that is asymmetrical, has irregular borders, multiple colors, and a diameter larger than 6 mm. According to the ABCDE rule, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Malignant melanoma

Question 8

Which layer of the dermis is responsible for fingerprints and contains Meissner's corpuscles for light touch sensation?

Accepted Answer

Papillary layer

Question 9

If a person has cyanosis, which of the following is most likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

Deficiency of oxygen in circulating blood

Question 10

Which structure anchors the skin to underlying tissues and acts as an energy reservoir?

Accepted Answer

Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)

Question 11

A patient presents with a blistered burn involving the epidermis and part of the dermis. What is the best description of this burn?

Accepted Answer

Second-degree burn

Question 12

Which cell type in the epidermis is responsible for activating the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Dendritic (Langerhans) cells

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why the epidermis is avascular?

Accepted Answer

It relies on diffusion of oxygen and nutrients from the dermis

Question 14

Which type of sweat gland is most active during puberty and is associated with body odor due to bacterial action on its secretions?

Accepted Answer

Apocrine gland

Question 15

A patient has a skin cancer that arises from keratinocytes in the stratum spinosum and may metastasize to lymph nodes. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 16

Which formula is used to estimate the severity of burns in adults, dividing the body into areas each representing 9% of total body surface area?

Accepted Answer

Rule of Nines

Question 17

Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to UV light and is essential for calcium absorption in the intestine?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 18

If a person has pale skin due to lack of blood flow, which condition might they be experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Pallor

Question 19

Which equation best represents the relationship between sweat loss and body temperature regulation during exercise?

Accepted Answer

$$Q = m 	imes L$$

Question 20

A patient with a third-degree burn over 12% of their body surface area is at risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Fluid loss and infection

The Integumentary System: Structure, Function, and Components

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