Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

To control and communicate information throughout the body using electrical impulses

Question 2

A patient presents with rapid heart rate and dilated pupils after a car accident. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is most likely activated?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for integrating sensory input and deciding what should be done at each moment?

Accepted Answer

Brain

Question 4

Neurons that carry impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system are classified as:

Accepted Answer

Sensory (afferent) neurons

Question 5

Which of the following correctly matches the neuron structure with its function?

Accepted Answer

Axon: conducts impulses away from the cell body

Question 6

A nerve impulse is initiated when a stimulus causes a rapid change in membrane potential. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization

Question 7

Which equation best represents Ohm’s Law as applied to nerve impulse conduction?

Accepted Answer

$$I = V \div R$$

Question 8

A patient is unable to move their lower limbs after a spinal cord injury. Which term best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Paralysis

Question 9

Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for conducting sensory impulses for vision?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct pathway for a reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Receptor → Sensory neuron → Interneuron → Motor neuron → Effector

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why the blood-brain barrier is important?

Accepted Answer

It protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood

Question 12

A patient with hydrocephalus has an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain. Which of the following is the most likely consequence if left untreated?

Accepted Answer

Compression and damage to brain tissue

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Coordination of voluntary muscle movements and balance

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division prepares the body for 'fight or flight'; parasympathetic division promotes 'rest and digest'

Question 15

Which of the following is a homeostatic imbalance of the special senses that results from increased intraocular pressure?

Accepted Answer

Glaucoma

Question 16

A patient is diagnosed with conduction deafness. Which of the following structures is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)

Question 17

Which formula best represents the relationship between frequency ($$f$$), wavelength ($$\lambda$$), and speed of sound ($$v) in $$the context of hearing?

Accepted Answer

$$v = f 	imes \lambda$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of chemoreceptors in the special senses?

Accepted Answer

They respond to chemical stimuli in taste and smell

Question 19

A patient with strabismus has difficulty coordinating eye movements. Which structure is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

External eye muscles

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the transmission of sound from the external environment to the cochlea?

Accepted Answer

Auricle → Tympanic membrane → Ossicles → Oval window → Cochlea

The Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Special Senses

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