Question 1

Which of the following best explains why connective tissue is unique among the four primary tissue types?

Accepted Answer

It is defined by a nonliving extracellular matrix produced by its cells.

Question 2

A patient suffers a deep abrasion to the skin, exposing underlying tissue. Which epithelial tissue type is most likely damaged, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium; protection against abrasion

Question 3

Which of the following tissues would you expect to have the highest rate of regeneration after injury?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 4

A biopsy reveals a single layer of tall, closely packed cells with oval nuclei near the base and microvilli on the apical surface. Which tissue is this, and what is its main function?

Accepted Answer

Simple columnar epithelium; absorption and secretion

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete into ducts; endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the blood.

Question 6

A tissue sample from the urinary bladder shows dome-shaped surface cells that flatten when the bladder is full. What type of epithelium is this, and what is its function?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium; permits distension

Question 7

Which connective tissue fiber type provides the greatest tensile strength, and where is it most abundant?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers; tendons and ligaments

Question 8

A patient with a torn Achilles tendon is slow to heal. Which property of dense regular connective tissue explains this slow healing?

Accepted Answer

It has few blood vessels (poor vascularity).

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function and location of hyaline cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Provides support with some flexibility; found at the ends of long bones and in the nose

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct pairing of connective tissue cell type and its function?

Accepted Answer

Fibroblast: produces fibers and ground substance in connective tissue proper

Question 11

A patient is diagnosed with a disorder affecting the serous membranes of the thoracic cavity. Which epithelial tissue is primarily involved?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium)

Question 12

Which muscle tissue type is involuntary, striated, and contains intercalated discs?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle

Question 13

A histology slide shows spindle-shaped cells with central nuclei, no striations, and closely packed sheets. Which tissue is this, and where is it commonly found?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle; walls of hollow organs

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of neuroglia in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Support and protect neurons

Question 15

A patient with a blood disorder has impaired transport of oxygen and nutrients. Which tissue is directly responsible for this function?

Accepted Answer

Blood (a connective tissue)

Question 16

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the number of cell layers ($$n) $$and the classification of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 1$$ \Rightarrow 	ext{simple epithelium};\ n \geq 2 \Rightarrow 	ext{stratified epithelium}$

Question 17

A tissue sample is composed of cells that are mitotically active, secrete extracellular matrix, and are found in connective tissue proper. What is the most likely cell type?

Accepted Answer

Fibroblast

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why cardiac muscle and nervous tissue in the brain have limited regenerative capacity?

Accepted Answer

They are amitotic and do not undergo cell division after maturity.

Question 19

A patient presents with a disorder affecting the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. Which structural feature of the epithelial tissue is most likely compromised?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli on the apical surface of simple columnar epithelium

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of proteoglycans in the ground substance of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Trap water, affecting the viscosity of the ground substance

Tissues: Structure, Function, and Classification in Human Anatomy & Physiology

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