Question 1

Which nerve is primarily responsible for stimulating the diaphragm during respiration?

Accepted Answer

Phrenic nerve

Question 2

A patient presents with jaundice due to a blockage in the duct that carries bile from the gallbladder. Which duct is most likely obstructed?

Accepted Answer

Cystic duct

Question 3

Which structure marks the transition between the duodenum and the jejunum in the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Jejunum

Question 4

During abdominal surgery, the surgeon identifies a yellowish structure running parallel to the hepatic proper artery. Which vessel is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Common bile duct

Question 5

Which of the following arteries supplies blood to the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Splenic artery

Question 6

A patient has a tumor compressing the ampulla of Vater. Which two ducts are most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Main pancreatic duct and common bile duct

Question 7

Which anatomical landmark is used to distinguish the right colic (hepatic) flexure from the left colic (splenic) flexure in the colon?

Accepted Answer

Hepatic flexure

Question 8

If the inferior mesenteric artery is blocked, which part of the digestive tract is most likely to suffer from ischemia?

Accepted Answer

Descending colon

Question 9

Which vessel directly branches from the celiac trunk to supply the liver?

Accepted Answer

Common hepatic artery

Question 10

A patient with gallstones blocking the common bile duct would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Jaundice

Question 11

Which structure is responsible for preventing food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottis

Question 12

Which anatomical feature is the site where the pancreatic duct and common bile duct empty into the duodenum?

Accepted Answer

Major duodenal papilla

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a part of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Jejunum

Question 14

A trauma patient has damage to the secondary bronchi. Which organ system is directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory system

Question 15

Which structure connects the small intestine to the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Ileocecal valve

Question 16

Which of the following arteries supplies blood to the descending colon?

Accepted Answer

Inferior mesenteric artery

Question 17

If the hepatic proper artery is severed, which organ will be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Question 18

Which structure is responsible for the passage of air from the nasal cavity to the larynx?

Accepted Answer

Nasopharynx

Question 19

Which anatomical structure is a double layer of peritoneum that suspends the intestines from the posterior abdominal wall?

Accepted Answer

Mesentery

Question 20

A patient with a blockage in the main pancreatic duct would most likely have impaired digestion of which macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Fats

Unit 5 Structure List: Anatomy of the Respiratory, Digestive, and Abdominal Vessels

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