Question 1

Which of the following is NOT found in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A nuclear membrane

Question 2

Prokaryotes are classified into which two domains?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 3

The transfer of genes from bacteria to eukaryotes is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Horizontal gene transfer

Question 4

Which process is responsible for the origin of mitochondria and plastids in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Endosymbiosis

Question 5

Which type of gene exchange involves the uptake of DNA from the environment?

Accepted Answer

Transformation

Question 6

Most prokaryotes have a rigid cell wall outside the plasma membrane. In bacteria, this wall is primarily composed of:

Accepted Answer

Peptidoglycan

Question 7

Gram-positive bacteria appear purple after Gram staining because:

Accepted Answer

Their thick peptidoglycan layer traps the crystal violet dye

Question 8

Binary fission in prokaryotes is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Cell division by simple splitting

Question 9

Which of the following describes an organism that obtains energy from sunlight and carbon from CO$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

Photoautotroph

Question 10

Which of the following describes an organism that obtains energy from sunlight and carbon by ingesting prey?

Accepted Answer

Photoheterotroph

Question 11

Obligate anaerobes are prokaryotes that:

Accepted Answer

Cannot tolerate oxygen

Question 12

Nitrogen fixation is:

Accepted Answer

The conversion of N$$_2 to $$ammonia (NH$$_3)$$

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Archaea?

Accepted Answer

More closely related to bacteria than to eukaryotes

Question 14

Extreme halophiles are most likely to be found in which type of environment?

Accepted Answer

Very salty water

Question 15

Which of the following statements best describes bacteria?

Accepted Answer

They are very common in the environment.

Question 16

Which of the following processes releases carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

Both respiration and decomposition

Question 17

What proportion of bacteria are pathogenic?

Accepted Answer

Very few of them (\u003c1%)

Question 18

Bacteria that live in the gut of cows and help digest plant matter are best described as:

Accepted Answer

Mutualistic symbionts

Question 19

Which of the following prokaryotes is most likely the cause of a photosynthetic bloom in a lake?

Accepted Answer

Cyanobacteria

Question 20

Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

Some Bacteria are extremophiles

Bacteria and Archaea: Diversity, Structure, and Ecological Roles

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