Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why triglycerides are insoluble in water?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides contain hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails that do not interact with water.

Question 2

A triglyceride molecule is formed by the condensation of which of the following components?

Accepted Answer

One glycerol molecule and three fatty acids

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the general formula for omega-3 fatty acids, as noted in the study material?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C$$_{n}$$H_{2n-6}O$$_{2}}$

Question 4

Which function of lipids is most directly related to their ability to act as shock absorbers for internal organs?

Accepted Answer

Forming adipose tissue that cushions organs

Question 5

A patient is found to have a deficiency in phospholipids. Which cellular function would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Integrity and structure of cell membranes

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in triglycerides?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms, while saturated fatty acids do not.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 8

A dipeptide is formed by joining two amino acids. What type of bond is created between them?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why excess amino acids cannot be stored in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids are broken down by the liver to form urea, which is excreted.

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct representation of the general structure of an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NH_{2}-CHR-COOH}$$

Question 11

Which property of lipids allows them to be soluble in organic solvents but not in water?

Accepted Answer

Lipids have nonpolar hydrocarbon chains.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Serves as a component of cell membranes and produces sex hormones

Question 13

A person is unable to synthesize certain amino acids and must obtain them from their diet. These amino acids are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Essential amino acids

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of proteins as enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Proteins catalyze biochemical reactions, increasing reaction rates.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct function of phospholipids in biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids form a bilayer that acts as a barrier to water-soluble substances.

Question 16

Which of the following is a direct consequence of the presence of double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

They have kinks in their hydrocarbon chains, making them liquid at room temperature.

Question 17

A person is suffering from a deficiency in protein intake. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Reduced growth and repair of tissues

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of proteins in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Proteins act as antibodies to defend against pathogens.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why lipids are used for long-term energy storage rather than carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Lipids contain more energy per gram due to their reduced state.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of the peptide bond formation between two amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A peptide bond forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another, releasing water.

Biological Molecules: Lipids and Proteins – Structure, Properties, and Functions

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