Q: Which of the following is a correct balanced chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration of glucose?

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy (ATP)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why glycolysis is considered an ancient metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

It takes place in the cytosol and is found in nearly all organisms, including prokaryotes.

Question 2

During cellular respiration, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 3

A muscle cell is deprived of oxygen during intense exercise. Which process allows it to continue producing ATP?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid fermentation

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It serves as an electron carrier, accepting electrons during redox reactions.

Question 5

What is the net gain of ATP molecules produced from one molecule of glucose during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP

Question 6

Which stage of cellular respiration occurs in the cytosol and does not require oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 7

If a yeast cell is switched from an aerobic to an anaerobic environment, how must its rate of glucose consumption change to maintain the same rate of ATP production?

Accepted Answer

It must increase about 16-fold.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct balanced chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy (ATP)}$$

Question 9

Which process in cellular respiration directly produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 10

What would happen to ATP production if the enzyme ATP synthase in the inner mitochondrial membrane were inhibited?

Accepted Answer

ATP production would stop.

Question 11

Which of the following is a byproduct of both cellular respiration and fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide ($$CO_2)$$

Question 12

Which metabolic pathway is common to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 13

In the electron transport chain, what is the primary purpose of pumping $$H^+$$ ions into the intermembrane space?

Accepted Answer

To create a concentration gradient that drives ATP synthesis via chemiosmosis

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a redox reaction in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A reaction involving the loss and gain of electrons between molecules.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the citric acid cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It completes the breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide and supplies electrons to the electron transport chain.

Question 16

A person is on a diet consisting almost entirely of fats and proteins, with very little carbohydrate intake. Which statement best describes how their cells obtain energy?

Accepted Answer

Fats and proteins are converted into intermediates that enter glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, or the citric acid cycle.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a product of aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 18

Which statement best explains the relationship between breathing and cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Breathing supplies $$O_2$$ for cellular respiration and removes $$CO_2 as $$waste.

Question 19

Which of the following would most likely occur if oxygen were absent during oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP production would cease because the electron transport chain would stop.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP is produced directly by transferring a phosphate group from an organic molecule to ADP.

Cellular Respiration: How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

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