$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the role of cellular respiration in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

It extracts energy from organic molecules through redox reactions.

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP and NADH molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH

Question 3

Which process directly uses a proton gradient to synthesize ATP during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

In the absence of oxygen, which process allows cells to regenerate NAD$$^+$$ from NADH?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 5

Which molecule is the final electron acceptor in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 6

What is the main purpose of redox reactions in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To transfer energy from electrons to ATP

Question 7

Which of the following best describes autotrophs?

Accepted Answer

They produce their own organic molecules through photosynthesis.

Question 8

During pyruvate oxidation, what are the products formed from one molecule of pyruvate?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA, CO$$_2$$, and NADH

Question 9

Which step of cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 10

Why is ATP not stored in large amounts in cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP is unstable and must be used as soon as it is created.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis → Pyruvate oxidation → Citric acid cycle → Electron transport chain

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

CO$$_2$$

Question 13

What is the main function of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To create a proton gradient for ATP synthesis

Question 14

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is true?

Accepted Answer

It occurs during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.

Question 15

A patient is unable to use oxygen efficiently in their cells. Which part of cellular respiration would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 16

Which equation correctly represents the overall reaction for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a key difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Accepted Answer

Autotrophs use photosynthesis to produce organic molecules, while heterotrophs consume organic molecules produced by other organisms.

Question 18

If a cell is deprived of NAD$$^+$$, which process would be directly inhibited?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 19

Which enzyme complex catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Question 20

A mutation prevents the formation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate. Which cycle would be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Citric acid cycle

Cellular Respiration: Overview and Key Pathways

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