Question 1

Which enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the formation of the phosphodiester bond during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerase

Question 2

During DNA replication, which of the following correctly describes the direction in which new DNA strands are synthesized?

Accepted Answer

5' to 3'

Question 3

If a segment of DNA has the sequence 5'-AGCT-3', what is the sequence of the complementary strand?

Accepted Answer

3'-TCGA-5'

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the role of the promoter in gene expression?

Accepted Answer

It signals where transcription should begin.

Question 5

In eukaryotic cells, which process removes introns from pre-mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Splicing

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the cell cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

The S phase is when DNA is replicated.

Question 7

A cell with two sets of unique chromosomes is described as:

Accepted Answer

Diploid

Question 8

During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 9

Which of the following events increases genetic variation during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over during prophase I

Question 10

A human cell with 23 chromosomes after meiosis is considered:

Accepted Answer

Haploid

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why cancer cells can divide uncontrollably?

Accepted Answer

They bypass cell cycle checkpoints.

Question 12

If an individual has the genotype Aa, what gametes can they produce?

Accepted Answer

A or a

Question 13

Which of the following is true about homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

They have the same genes but may have different alleles.

Question 14

Which of the following is a difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is double-stranded; RNA is single-stranded.

Question 15

A cell is observed to have chromosomes lined up along the metaphase plate. Which phase is this cell in?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Genotype determines phenotype.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of tRNA during translation?

Accepted Answer

Carrying amino acids to the ribosome

Question 18

If a gene has two alleles, E (dominant) and e (recessive), which genotype will display the recessive phenotype?

Accepted Answer

ee

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the outcome of meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

Four genetically unique haploid cells

Question 20

Which of the following is true about the directionality of RNA synthesis during transcription?

Accepted Answer

RNA is synthesized 5' to 3'

DNA Replication, Gene Expression, Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis, and Mendelian Genetics

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