Question 1

Which statement best describes enzyme specificity?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes catalyze specific reactions by binding to particular substrates due to the shape and chemical properties of their active sites.

Question 2

Which of the following best explains how ATP hydrolysis 'fuels' other reactions in the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP hydrolysis releases energy that can be coupled to endergonic reactions, making them energetically favorable.

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the change in free energy ($$\Delta G) $$for a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G = G_{products} - G_{reactants}$$

Question 4

A reaction has a $$\Delta G of +5 $$kcal/mol. What does this indicate about the reaction?

Accepted Answer

The reaction is endergonic and requires an input of energy to proceed.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a way enzymes lower the activation energy ($$E_a) of a $$reaction?

Accepted Answer

By increasing the temperature of the reaction.

Question 6

Which of the following factors would NOT increase the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Accepted Answer

Increasing substrate concentration when the enzyme is saturated.

Question 7

Which statement best describes competitive inhibition?

Accepted Answer

An inhibitor binds to the active site, preventing substrate binding.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct description of a metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A series of enzyme-catalyzed steps converting specific reactants into products.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of feedback inhibition in enzyme regulation?

Accepted Answer

The end product of a pathway binds to an enzyme early in the pathway, decreasing its activity.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores energy in its phosphate bonds and releases it upon hydrolysis to drive endergonic reactions.

Question 11

Which of the following is true about spontaneous reactions?

Accepted Answer

They have a negative $$\Delta G$$ and do not require energy input.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about enzyme-substrate complexes?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme binds the substrate at the active site, forming a temporary complex that facilitates the reaction.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an allosteric regulation of an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A molecule binds to a site other than the active site, changing the enzyme's activity.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the transition state in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Accepted Answer

It is the highest energy state during the reaction, stabilized by the enzyme.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a form of energy relevant to cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic energy

Question 16

A scientist observes that an enzyme-catalyzed reaction rate plateaus even as substrate concentration increases. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme is saturated; all active sites are occupied.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about noncompetitive inhibition?

Accepted Answer

The inhibitor binds to a site other than the active site, reducing enzyme activity regardless of substrate concentration.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes coupled reactions in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

An exergonic reaction provides energy to drive an endergonic reaction.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the first law of thermodynamics as it applies to cells?

Accepted Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with a metabolic disorder where a key enzyme is nonfunctional. Which of the following is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The metabolic pathway is blocked, leading to accumulation of the substrate and deficiency of the product.

EOC CH 6 need to know slide

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