Question 1

Which of the following best describes Lamarck's hypothesis of evolution?

Accepted Answer

Organisms acquire traits during their lifetime and pass these traits to their offspring.

Question 2

During Darwin's voyage on the Beagle, which observation most strongly influenced his theory of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

The similarity of fossils to living species in the same region.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT considered evidence for evolutionary change?

Accepted Answer

The uniform distribution of species worldwide.

Question 4

Which equation best represents the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for allele frequencies in a population?

Accepted Answer

$$p^2 + 2pq$$ + $$q^2 = 1$

Question 5

A population of beetles is exposed to a pesticide. Over several generations, most beetles become resistant. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Question 6

Which of the following structures is an example of a homologous structure?

Accepted Answer

The wings of a bat and the arms of a human

Question 7

Which scenario best illustrates convergent evolution?

Accepted Answer

Marsupial mammals in Australia and placental mammals in North America evolving similar body forms.

Question 8

Which term describes the process by which humans breed plants and animals for specific traits?

Accepted Answer

Artificial selection

Question 9

Which of the following is a vestigial structure in humans?

Accepted Answer

The appendix

Question 10

Biogeography provides evidence for evolution by showing that:

Accepted Answer

Species distributions reflect historical events such as continental drift.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why analogous structures arise?

Accepted Answer

They result from similar environmental pressures leading to similar adaptations.

Question 12

A scientist compares the DNA sequences of two species and finds many similarities. This is evidence for:

Accepted Answer

Homology at the molecular level

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for natural selection to occur?

Accepted Answer

All individuals must have identical fitness

Question 14

If a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which of the following must be true?

Accepted Answer

No mutation, migration, selection, or genetic drift occurs.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of direct observation as evidence for evolution?

Accepted Answer

The development of pesticide resistance in insects.

Question 16

Which concept is illustrated by the similarity in bone structure between a whale's flipper and a human arm?

Accepted Answer

Homology

Question 17

Which evolutionary process is most likely responsible for the development of similar traits in unrelated species living in similar environments?

Accepted Answer

Convergent evolution

Question 18

Which of the following best describes an evolutionary tree (phylogeny)?

Accepted Answer

A diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among species based on shared characteristics.

Question 19

Which of the following is a key difference between artificial selection and natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Artificial selection is driven by human choice, while natural selection is driven by environmental pressures.

Question 20

A population of mice has two alleles for fur color: $$B ($$black) and $$b ($$brown). If the frequency of $$B is 0.6 $$and $$b is 0.4$$, what is the expected frequency of heterozygotes ($$Bb) $$under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$2pq = 2 	imes 0.6 	imes 0.4 = 0.48$$

LSN24: Evolution

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드