Question 1

Which of the following best describes an emergent property in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A property that arises from the arrangement and interaction of parts within a system.

Question 2

Which sequence correctly represents the hierarchy of biological organization from largest to smallest?

Accepted Answer

Biosphere $$\rightarrow$$ Ecosystem $$\rightarrow$$ Community $$\rightarrow$$ Population $$\rightarrow$$ Organism $$\rightarrow$$ Organ System $$\rightarrow$$ Tissue $$\rightarrow$$ Cell $$\rightarrow$$ Organelle $$\rightarrow$$ Molecule

Question 3

Which statement about eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a unifying theme of biology?

Accepted Answer

Gravity

Question 5

A scientist observes that a multicellular organism has specialized tissues that perform different functions. This observation is best explained by which biological concept?

Accepted Answer

Emergent properties

Question 6

Which law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed?

Accepted Answer

First law of thermodynamics: $$\Delta E = Q - W$$

Question 7

In a food web, which group is responsible for converting inorganic molecules into organic matter using energy from sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Producers

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of DNA in cells?

Accepted Answer

DNA stores genetic information and is organized in chromosomes.

Question 9

A population of bacteria is exposed to an antibiotic. Over time, some bacteria survive and reproduce, passing on their resistance genes. This scenario is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Evolution by natural selection

Question 10

Which statement about the conservation of matter in biological systems is correct?

Accepted Answer

Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a biological system.

Question 11

Which of the following is the smallest unit of organization that performs all activities of life?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Question 12

Which process is most directly responsible for the transfer of energy from producers to consumers in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Consumption of organic matter

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic often related to the function and structure of biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Emergent properties

Question 14

A cell is observed to lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Which category does this cell belong to?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why energy transfer in living systems is never 100% efficient?

Accepted Answer

Some energy is lost as heat during each transfer, as described by the second law of thermodynamics.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function performed by all living cells?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for the first law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta E = Q - W$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a unit of inheritance in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Gene

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of evolution?

Accepted Answer

Change in populations over time due to genetic variation and natural selection.

Question 20

A researcher is studying the flow of energy in a living system and observes that some energy is always lost as heat. Which law explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

Second law of thermodynamics: $$\Delta S \u003e 0$$

Foundations of General Biology: Organization, Information, Energy, and Evolution

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