Question 1

Which of the following elements is NOT one of the four most abundant elements in living matter?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus

Question 2

A hydrogen bond forms between two water molecules due to:

Accepted Answer

The attraction between a partially positive hydrogen and a partially negative oxygen

Question 3

Which property of water allows insects to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion due to hydrogen bonding

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the formation of a covalent bond between two hydrogen atoms?

Accepted Answer

$$H + H \rightarrow H_2$

Question 5

Why does ice float on water?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water because hydrogen bonds keep water molecules farther apart in solid form

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a hydrophobic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule that repels water and does not interact favorably with it

Question 7

Which functional group is commonly found in amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-COOH)$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about polymers is correct?

Accepted Answer

Polymers are large molecules consisting of many identical or similar building blocks linked by covalent bonds

Question 9

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for energy storage in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct statement about saturated and unsaturated fats?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds in their fatty acid chains

Question 11

Which equation represents the dehydration synthesis of two glucose molecules to form maltose?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + C_6H_{12}O_6$ \rightarrow C$$_{12}$$H_{22}O$$_{11} + H_2O$

Question 12

Which of the following is a major function of phospholipids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Forming the structural basis of cell membranes

Question 13

Which property of water is most important for temperature regulation in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

High heat of vaporization

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules are polar and can form hydration shells around ions

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A molecule consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about protein structure?

Accepted Answer

Secondary structure is formed by hydrogen bonding between backbone atoms

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct equation for the hydrolysis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

$$ATP + H_2O \rightarrow ADP + P_i + energy$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about DNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is a polymer of nucleotides

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophilic substances interact with water, while hydrophobic substances do not

Fundamental Chemical and Biological Principles in General Biology

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