Question 1

Which of the following best explains why fungi are more closely related to animals than to plants?

Accepted Answer

Fungi and animals share a more recent common ancestor, as shown by molecular phylogenies.

Question 2

A scientist discovers a multicellular organism with cell walls made of chitin, filamentous growth, and external digestion. Which kingdom does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Fungi

Question 3

Which of the following statements about fungal nutrition is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fungi absorb nutrients after external digestion using exoenzymes.

Question 4

Which structure in fungi is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption due to its large surface area?

Accepted Answer

Hyphae

Question 5

A fungus with coenocytic hyphae is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Hyphae lacking cross-walls, resulting in multinucleate cells

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the ploidy of the heterokaryotic stage in the fungal life cycle?

Accepted Answer

Contains two or more genetically distinct haploid nuclei ($$N+N)$$

Question 7

Which phylum of fungi is most associated with the formation of arbuscular mycorrhizae in plant roots?

Accepted Answer

Glomeromycota

Question 8

A researcher is studying a fungus that produces flagellated spores and is a parasite of amphibians, causing skin infections. To which fungal group does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Chytridiomycota

Question 9

Which of the following is a major ecological role of saprophytic fungi?

Accepted Answer

Decomposing organic matter and recycling carbon

Question 10

Why are there no significant coal deposits younger than about 280 million years old, despite the continued presence of forests?

Accepted Answer

Fungi evolved the ability to digest lignin, preventing the accumulation of undecayed plant material.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the mutualistic relationship between plants and mycorrhizal fungi?

Accepted Answer

Fungi provide increased nutrient and water absorption for plants, while plants supply fungi with carbon.

Question 12

A lichen is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A mutualistic association between a fungus and a photosynthetic partner (alga or cyanobacterium)

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world example of a fungal pathogen affecting animals?

Accepted Answer

White-nose syndrome in bats caused by Geomyces destructans

Question 14

Which fungal phylum is responsible for producing mushrooms, puffballs, and shelf fungi, and is a key decomposer of lignin in wood?

Accepted Answer

Basidiomycota

Question 15

Which of the following best explains the medical significance of the fungus Cordyceps?

Accepted Answer

It produces compounds that suppress the immune system, leading to therapies for autoimmune diseases.

Question 16

A patient presents with symptoms of hallucinations, seizures, and gangrene after eating contaminated rye bread. Which fungal toxin is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Ergot alkaloids produced by Claviceps purpurea

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in the sexual life cycle of a typical Basidiomycota fungus?

Accepted Answer

Plasmogamy → Karyogamy → Meiosis → Spore formation

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of exoenzymes in fungi?

Accepted Answer

They digest complex organic materials outside the fungal cell for absorption.

Question 19

Which of the following is a key difference between septate and coenocytic hyphae?

Accepted Answer

Septate hyphae have cross-walls (septa) dividing cells, while coenocytic hyphae lack septa and are multinucleate.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why fungi are important in the development of antibiotics and cholesterol-lowering drugs?

Accepted Answer

Fungi compete with bacteria and other organisms by producing chemicals that inhibit their growth.

Fungi Diversity – Chapter 29 Study Notes

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드