$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an emergent property in biology?

Accepted Answer

A property that appears when individual components interact within a system, but is not present in the components alone.

Question 2

A scientist wants to test the effect of light intensity on plant growth. Which of the following is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

The growth of the plants measured over time.

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the overall reaction for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why water is a good solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules are polar and can stabilize both positive and negative ions.

Question 5

A buffer solution resists changes in pH because it:

Accepted Answer

Releases or absorbs protons ($$H^+) to $$maintain a stable pH.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support to the cell wall.

Question 7

During photosynthesis, what is the source of electrons for the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$H_2O)$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores energy in the bonds between its phosphate groups.

Question 9

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will lose water and shrink.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct order of the steps in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Observation, hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion

Question 12

Which macromolecule is used as a template to build all polypeptides in nature?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

It joins monomers together by removing a molecule of water.

Question 14

Which of the following is a product of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of NADH in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It donates electrons to the electron transport chain, helping to generate ATP.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a controlled experiment?

Accepted Answer

Testing the effect of fertilizer on plant growth by giving one group fertilizer and another group none, while keeping all other conditions the same.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains the difference between competitive and noncompetitive enzyme inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, while noncompetitive inhibitors bind elsewhere on the enzyme.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the atomic mass of an element?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Atomic mass} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support and facilitating cell movement.

General Biology: Core Concepts and Study Guide (Chapters 1–7)

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