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General Biology I (BIOLOGY 210) Syllabus and Study Guide

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General Biology I: Course Overview

Introduction

This course, General Biology I (BIOLOGY 210), is designed for students preparing for careers in science. It introduces foundational concepts in biology, including molecular and cellular biology, genetics, and the scientific method. The course combines lectures, laboratory work, and recitation sessions to develop both theoretical understanding and practical skills.

Course Structure and Logistics

Meeting Times and Format

  • Lecture: Tuesdays, 5:30–8:15 PM, Room A432

  • Laboratory: Thursdays, 5:30–8:15 PM, Room A521

  • Instructor: Dr. E. Barris

  • Contact: EBarris@bmcc.cuny.edu

Pre-requisites

  • ENG 101 or ESL 091

  • MAT 020

Course Description

This course covers the basic principles of biology, focusing on the molecular and cellular basis of life, genetics, and the scientific method. It is intended for science majors and those preparing for health-related careers. The course emphasizes:

  • Structure and function of biological molecules

  • Cellular organization and processes

  • Genetics and inheritance

  • Application of the scientific method

Course Objectives

By the end of the course, students will be able to:

  • Acquire scientific language and critical thinking skills

  • Comprehend and learn from scientific resources

  • Research, evaluate, and interpret scientific data

  • Present written analyses and oral presentations

  • Learn experimental techniques and laboratory skills

  • Demonstrate scientific inquiry and hypothesis testing

Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs) and Specific Objectives

Student Learning Outcomes

Specific Objectives

To learn the organization of living cells, the properties and functions of biological macromolecules, and the development of multi-cellular organisms.

  1. Describe the structure and function of major biological molecules and relate their structure to their function.

  2. List the components and describe the structure of these components and specify their functions in relation to the cell function as a whole.

To understand Mendelian genetics, linked genes and chromosomal inheritance.

  1. Restate the basics of Mendelian genetics.

  2. Associate genetic terminology to their definitions.

To understand the processes of DNA, RNA, and protein formation.

  1. Explain the central dogma of molecular biology.

  2. Relate the impact that DNA holds to the discovery of the double helix model.

  3. Describe the usage of DNA technology in modern society.

To understand the genetics of viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotic cells.

  1. Describe the genetics of viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotic cells.

  2. Relate viruses to human health and disease.

To appreciate the role of DNA technology in modern society.

  1. Discuss the influence of DNA technology in modern society.

  2. Differentiate molecular biology techniques.

Key Topics Covered

1. Scientific Method

  • Definition: The scientific method is a systematic approach to inquiry that involves observation, hypothesis formation, experimentation, and analysis to answer scientific questions.

  • Steps:

    1. Observation

    2. Question

    3. Hypothesis

    4. Experiment

    5. Data Collection

    6. Analysis

    7. Conclusion

  • Application: Used in laboratory experiments and research projects throughout the course.

2. Biological Molecules

  • Major Types: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

  • Functions: Energy storage, structural support, catalysis (enzymes), genetic information

  • Example: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) stores genetic information; enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions.

3. Cell Structure and Function

  • Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells: Prokaryotes lack a nucleus; eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

  • Organelles: Nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, etc.

  • Example: Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration and energy (ATP) production.

4. Genetics and Inheritance

  • Mendelian Genetics: Study of inheritance patterns based on Gregor Mendel's laws (Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment).

  • Chromosomal Inheritance: Genes are located on chromosomes, which segregate during meiosis.

  • Example: Punnett squares are used to predict genetic crosses.

5. DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis

  • Central Dogma: Information flows from DNA to RNA to protein.

  • Processes:

    • Replication: DNA makes a copy of itself.

    • Transcription: DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA).

    • Translation: mRNA is translated into a protein sequence.

  • Key Equation:

6. Viruses and Bacteria

  • Viruses: Non-cellular infectious agents that require host cells to replicate.

  • Bacteria: Single-celled prokaryotes with diverse metabolic capabilities.

  • Relevance: Understanding their genetics and impact on human health.

7. DNA Technology

  • Definition: Techniques used to manipulate DNA for research, medicine, and industry.

  • Examples: PCR (polymerase chain reaction), gel electrophoresis, DNA sequencing, genetic engineering.

  • Applications: Forensics, gene therapy, agriculture, disease diagnosis.

Assessment and Grading

Grading Breakdown

  • Lecture (including recitation): 65% of final grade

  • Laboratory (including recitation grade): 35% of final grade

Grade Scale

Grade

GPA Value

A

4.0

A-

3.7

B+

3.3

B

3.0

B-

2.7

C+

2.3

C

2.0

D

1.0

F

0.0

Academic Integrity and Policies

  • Plagiarism: Misrepresentation of another's work as one's own is strictly prohibited.

  • Cheating: Unauthorized use of materials or collaboration during exams or assignments is not allowed.

  • Attendance: Regular attendance is required; excessive absences may result in a failing grade.

  • Accommodations: Students with disabilities should contact the instructor for appropriate accommodations.

Textbook and Resources

  • Textbook: Campbell Biology, 12th Edition, by Urry et al., Pearson

  • Online Resources: Mastering Biology, Khan Academy, OpenStax, and other scholarly databases

Laboratory and Recitation

  • Laboratory Exercises: Assigned weekly; must be submitted on time via Brightspace.

  • Formal Lab Reports: At least one required, graded on scientific standards and clarity.

  • Recitation: Small group sessions to reinforce lecture material and develop critical thinking.

Additional Information

  • Team Projects: Opportunities for extra credit through group presentations on selected topics.

  • Study Rooms: Available for group study; check with laboratory technicians for details.

  • Support: Academic Learning Center and online resources are available for additional help.

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