$$\text{Atomic mass} = \text{number of protons} + \text{number of neutrons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between populations, communities, ecosystems, and the biosphere?

Accepted Answer

Communities are composed of populations, ecosystems are composed of communities, and the biosphere includes all ecosystems on Earth.

Question 2

Which statement about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus, while eukaryotic cells possess one.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 4

A dehydration reaction is important in the formation of which biological macromolecule?

Accepted Answer

Polysaccharides

Question 5

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails, allowing them to form cell membranes.

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct description of a saturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

It has the maximum number of hydrogen atoms attached to its carbon chain.

Question 7

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing genetic information in cells?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Question 8

Which of the following is true about enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of steroids?

Accepted Answer

Steroids are characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of cellulose in plants?

Accepted Answer

Structural support for cell walls

Question 11

Which element is NOT one of the 'Big 4' that make up approximately 96% of the human body?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why water is a good solvent for many biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with polar and charged substances.

Question 13

Which of the following is true about isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have different numbers of neutrons.

Question 14

Which formula correctly calculates the atomic mass of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Atomic mass} = 	ext{number of protons} + 	ext{number of neutrons}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons determine the chemical bonding properties of an atom.

Question 16

Which of the following is a property of water that is critical for life on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Water has a high heat capacity, allowing it to moderate temperature.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Polymers are disassembled into monomers by the addition of water.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about ATP (adenosine triphosphate)?

Accepted Answer

ATP is a molecule that stores and provides energy for cellular processes.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond is formed by the sharing of a pair of valence electrons between two atoms.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the function of glycogen?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen is a storage polysaccharide in animals, especially in liver and muscle cells.

General Biology: Introduction to Biological Organization, Chemistry of Life, and Macromolecules

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