Question 1

Which of the following best describes the correct sequence of steps in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Observation, hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion

Question 2

A student wants to test the effect of sunlight on plant growth. Which of the following is the best example of a controlled variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

Amount of water given to each plant

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct formula for a good hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

If (independent variable), then (dependent variable), because (rationale)

Question 4

You are asked to measure the mass of a liquid using a balance. Why is it important to 'tare' or zero the balance before adding the liquid?

Accepted Answer

To subtract the mass of the container and obtain only the mass of the liquid

Question 5

Which of the following is the standard unit for measuring temperature in scientific experiments?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin (K)

Question 6

A solution is made by dissolving 10 grams of NaCl in enough water to make 500 mL of solution. What is the concentration of NaCl in $$\mathrm{g/L}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$20\ \mathrm{g/L}$$

Question 7

Which of the following best defines a solute?

Accepted Answer

The substance that is dissolved in a solution

Question 8

You need to prepare 1 L of a 1 M NaCl solution. The molar mass of NaCl is $$58.44\ \mathrm{g/mol}. $$How many grams of NaCl are required?

Accepted Answer

$$58.44\ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 9

A student measures the pH of a solution and finds it to be 3. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

The solution is acidic

Question 10

If the pH of solution A is 4 and the pH of solution B is 7, how many times greater is the concentration of $$\mathrm{H^+}$$ ions in solution A compared to solution B?

Accepted Answer

$$10^3$$ times greater

Question 11

Which of the following is the best unit to measure the length of a human hair?

Accepted Answer

Micrometer ($$\mu\mathrm{m})$$

Question 12

A scientist wants to measure the density of a rock. She finds its mass to be $$120\ \mathrm{g}$$ and its volume to be $$40\ \mathrm{cm^3$}. $$What is the density of the rock?

Accepted Answer

$$3\ \mathrm{g/cm^3$}$$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about pH is correct?

Accepted Answer

A lower pH value indicates a higher concentration of $$\mathrm{H^+}$$ ions

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of an independent variable in a scientific experiment?

Accepted Answer

Amount of fertilizer added to plants

Question 15

A student needs to convert $$250\ \mathrm{mL} to $$liters. What is the correct conversion?

Accepted Answer

$$0.25\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a solution?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture of a solute dissolved in a solvent

Question 17

You are given a sample with a mass of $$15\ \mathrm{g}$$ and a volume of $$5\ \mathrm{mL}. $$What is the density of the sample?

Accepted Answer

$$3\ \mathrm{g/mL}$$

Question 18

A scientist wants to make $$500\ \mathrm{mL} of a$$ $$2\ \mathrm{M}$$ HCl solution. The molar mass of HCl is $$36.46\ \mathrm{g/mol}. $$How many grams of HCl are needed?

Accepted Answer

Question 19

Which of the following is the best unit to measure the area of a laboratory bench?

Accepted Answer

Square meter ($$\mathrm{m^2$})$$

General Biology Lab Practical Study Guide: Scientific Method, Measurement, and Solutions

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