Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between polar covalent bonds and weak hydrogen bonds in water?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bonds occur between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms within a water molecule, and weak hydrogen bonds form between different water molecules.

Question 2

Which functional group is nonpolar and hydrophobic, making it unlikely to interact with water?

Accepted Answer

Methyl

Question 3

A scientist discovers a new organism whose cells contain large amounts of nucleic acids. Which universal monomer is most likely present in abundance?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotides

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why carbon is the basis of life?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can bond to itself and other atoms, forming up to 4 covalent bonds, allowing for a variety of large molecules.

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct application of the 2,8,8 rule for electron energy levels?

Accepted Answer

The first energy level can hold up to 2 electrons, the second up to 8, and the third up to 8 electrons.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of the four most common elements found in living things?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 7

A drop of water is placed on a waxy leaf and beads up rather than spreading out. Which property of water is most responsible for this behavior?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a universal monomer?

Accepted Answer

A building block that all living organisms can use to build their own macromolecules, making it interchangeable.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct formula for a hexose monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$

Question 10

Which of the following statements about condensation and hydrolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Condensation assembles small molecules into large ones, producing water as a byproduct.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for polar substances?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules have a dipole, allowing them to surround and separate charged or polar particles.

Question 12

Which of the following functional groups is most likely to be found in amino acids and is polar/hydrophilic?

Accepted Answer

Amino

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between adhesion and cohesion in water?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion is the attraction between water molecules, while adhesion is the attraction between water and other substances.

Question 14

Which of the following ions is commonly needed by living organisms but is NOT one of the four most common elements?

Accepted Answer

Na$$^+$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about macromolecules is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are made of fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a dipole in a water molecule?

Accepted Answer

A water molecule has opposite charges on each side due to unequal sharing of electrons.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of a pentose monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Ribose

Question 18

Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonds in water is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds are weak bonds between different water molecules.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why water can travel up the stem of a plant against gravity?

Accepted Answer

Adhesion to the walls of the plant's transport tubes and cohesion between water molecules

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about species-specific polymers?

Accepted Answer

Species-specific polymers are made from universal monomers but have unique sequences or structures for each species.

General Biology Study Notes: Atoms, Water, and Macromolecules

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