Question 1

Which property of carbon atoms allows them to form the backbone of organic molecules essential for life?

Accepted Answer

Carbon atoms have four valence electrons, allowing them to form four covalent bonds and create complex molecules.

Question 2

Which functional group is commonly found in amino acids and acts as a base by picking up hydrogen ions ($$H^+) $$from solution?

Accepted Answer

Amino group ($$-NH_2$)

Question 3

A dehydration reaction is crucial in the formation of polymers. What is the main chemical change that occurs during this process?

Accepted Answer

A water molecule is removed, allowing two monomers to bond together.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds and are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds and are liquid at room temperature.

Question 5

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing genetic information in cells?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 6

A person with lactose intolerance cannot digest lactose because they lack which enzyme?

Accepted Answer

Lactase

Question 7

Which of the following is a polymer made up of glucose monomers and serves as the main energy storage molecule in plants?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 8

What is the formula for a monosaccharide with three carbons?

Accepted Answer

$$C_3H_6O_3$$

Question 9

Which process breaks down polymers into monomers by adding water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 10

Which of the following statements about isomers is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isomers have the same molecular formula but different structures, leading to different properties.

Question 11

Which type of polysaccharide is highly branched and serves as the main energy storage molecule in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 12

Which functional group is most likely to make a molecule hydrophilic and soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-COOH)$$

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 14

Which statement best explains why unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fats have kinks in their hydrocarbon chains due to double bonds, preventing tight packing.

Question 15

Which of the following is a monomer of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a dehydration reaction in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Linking two glucose molecules to form maltose, releasing a water molecule

Question 17

Which macromolecule is the main fuel for cellular work in most organisms?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates (specifically glucose)

Question 18

Which of the following statements about cellulose is true?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose is a major component of plant cell walls and is difficult for most animals to digest.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a class of macromolecules found in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Steroids

Question 20

Which process is responsible for the breakdown of polysaccharides into monosaccharides in the human digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

General Biology Study Notes: Organic Molecules, Macromolecules, and Biological Polymers

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드