$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6 O_2$ \rightarrow 6 CO_2$ + 6 H_2O + \text{Energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of autotrophs in the ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

They synthesize their own organic molecules using solar energy.

Question 2

During cellular respiration, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in aerobic organisms?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 3

What is the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration using glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6 O_2$ ightarrow 6 CO_2$ + 6 H_2O + 	ext{Energy}$$

Question 4

Which process directly transfers a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 5

In a redox reaction, what happens to a molecule that is oxidized?

Accepted Answer

It loses electrons and becomes oxidized.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a stage of aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 7

Why is oxygen considered a potent oxidizing agent in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It is highly electronegative and readily accepts electrons.

Question 8

Which molecule is reduced during aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 9

A patient is experiencing muscle fatigue due to lack of oxygen. Which process is most likely occurring in their muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic fermentation with pyruvate as the final electron acceptor

Question 10

Which electron carrier is involved in transferring electrons from glucose to the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

NAD+

Question 11

If a cell is unable to regenerate NAD+ during glycolysis, what will be the immediate consequence?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis will stop due to lack of electron acceptors.

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why both autotrophs and heterotrophs perform cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Both require energy from organic molecules to power cellular processes.

Question 13

During dehydrogenation reactions in cellular respiration, what is typically removed from the substrate?

Accepted Answer

A hydrogen atom (one proton and one electron)

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence of the four main stages of aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis → Pyruvate oxidation → Citric acid cycle → Electron transport chain & chemiosmosis

Question 15

A mutation prevents a cell from performing oxidative phosphorylation. Which process will still allow the cell to produce some ATP?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis

Question 16

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP hydrolysis drives endergonic reactions in cells.

Question 17

In anaerobic respiration, which of the following can serve as a final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

Nitrate ($$NO_3$$^-$$)

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the change in free energy ($$\Delta G) $$during aerobic respiration of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G = -686$$ kcal/mole

Question 19

A scientist is studying a prokaryote that uses sulfate as its final electron acceptor. Which type of respiration is this organism performing?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic respiration

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-life consequence of impaired electron transport chain function in human cells?

Accepted Answer

Decreased ATP production leading to muscle weakness

Chapter 7: How Cells Harvest Energy: Cellular Respiration and Metabolic Pathways

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제