Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the major characteristics of life?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 2

According to the cell theory, which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

All cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

Question 4

A mutation changes a single amino acid in hemoglobin, resulting in sickle cell anemia. This is an example of how:

Accepted Answer

A change in primary structure can alter protein function

Question 5

Which of the following macromolecules is NOT formed by repeating monomeric units?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 6

Which functional group is found in all amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$\mathrm{COOH})$$

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why lipids are hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

They are composed mainly of non-polar hydrocarbon chains

Question 8

A bacterium that uses light as an energy source and carbon dioxide as a carbon source is classified as a:

Accepted Answer

Photoautotroph

Question 9

Which of the following statements about DNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA codes for RNA, which in turn codes for proteins

Question 10

Which domain(s) contain prokaryotic organisms?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores and transfers energy for cellular processes

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct pairing of macromolecule and its basic building block?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate – Monosaccharide

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why electronegativity is important in biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

It affects how atoms share electrons in covalent bonds

Question 14

A protein’s secondary structure is stabilized primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms

Question 15

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of unity and diversity in biology?

Accepted Answer

All organisms use the same basic building blocks, but assemble them in diverse ways

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world example of how protein structure determines function?

Accepted Answer

The change in hemoglobin shape causing sickle cell anemia

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a chemoheterotroph?

Accepted Answer

Uses chemical compounds for energy and organic molecules for carbon

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the quaternary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

It involves the assembly of multiple polypeptide subunits

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why carbohydrates are important for cell identity?

Accepted Answer

They are found on the cell surface and can be recognized by other cells

Question 20

A scientist discovers a new organism that has DNA, uses ATP, and is made of cells without a nucleus. To which domain does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria or Archaea

Introduction to General Biology: Learning Strategies, Characteristics of Life, Evolution, and Cell Theory

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