$$\text{Water moves from}~[\text{low solute}]~\text{to}~[\text{high solute}]$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic structure where protein molecules bob in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids.

Question 2

What property of the plasma membrane allows it to regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Its selective permeability

Question 3

Which type of molecule can most easily pass through the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane without the aid of transport proteins?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic (nonpolar) molecules

Question 4

A cell is placed in a solution with a higher concentration of solute than inside the cell. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will shrivel as water leaves the cell.

Question 5

Which equation best represents the movement of water during osmosis across a selectively permeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Water moves from}~[	ext{low solute}]~	ext{to}~[	ext{high solute}]$$

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Energy production via ATP synthesis

Question 7

Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion in that:

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion uses transport proteins to move substances down their concentration gradient.

Question 8

Which process requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 9

A sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move Na$$^+$$ out of the cell and K$$^+$$ into the cell. Which type of transport is this?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 10

Which of the following best describes cotransport?

Accepted Answer

Two substances are moved together by a membrane protein, with one moving down its gradient and the other against its gradient.

Question 11

During exocytosis, which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

Vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane to release contents outside the cell.

Question 12

Which type of membrane protein is most likely to be involved in cell recognition?

Accepted Answer

Cell-surface glycoprotein

Question 13

A red blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Burst (lyse) due to water influx

Question 14

Which of the following statements about passive transport is correct?

Accepted Answer

It moves substances down their concentration gradient.

Question 15

Which equation represents the net movement of solute during diffusion?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Net movement:}~[	ext{high concentration}] ightarrow [	ext{low concentration}]$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of transmembrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

They facilitate transport, signal transduction, and cell recognition.

Question 17

Which process is used by white blood cells to engulf bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 18

A plant cell in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Become plasmolyzed as water leaves the cell

Question 19

Which of the following statements about carrier proteins is true?

Accepted Answer

They are specific for the substance they transport.

Question 20

Which process involves the inward pinching of the plasma membrane to form a vesicle containing extracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

Pinocytosis

Membrane Structure and Function (Chapter 7) – General Biology Study Notes

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