Question 1

Which of the following best describes why garden peas were an ideal model organism for Mendel's genetic experiments?

Accepted Answer

They are inexpensive, have a short generation time, produce many seeds, and have several polymorphic traits.

Question 2

Mendel's principle of segregation is best explained by which event during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Homologous chromosomes separate during meiosis I, resulting in gametes with only one allele for each gene.

Question 3

If a pea plant with genotype Rr (round seeds) is self-fertilized, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of round to wrinkled seeds in the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1$$

Question 4

Which hypothesis did Mendel's dihybrid cross experiments support regarding the transmission of alleles for different genes?

Accepted Answer

Independent assortment

Question 5

A cross between two heterozygous pea plants for seed shape ($$Rr) $$produces offspring. What are the expected genotypic ratios?

Accepted Answer

$$1:2:1 (RR$$:Rr:rr)

Question 6

In a testcross, a pea plant with an unknown genotype for seed color (yellow is dominant) is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant. If all offspring are yellow, what is the genotype of the unknown parent?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous dominant

Question 7

Which of the following statements about alleles is correct according to Mendel's findings?

Accepted Answer

Genes are particles of inheritance that do not blend together.

Question 8

A cross between $$AaBb$$ and $$AAbb$$ individuals is performed. What is the expected phenotypic ratio in the offspring for the two traits?

Accepted Answer

$$1:1 (A_B$$_ : A_bb)

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a phenotype?

Accepted Answer

The observable trait or appearance of an individual.

Question 10

If a heterozygous individual ($$Aa) is $$crossed with a homozygous recessive individual ($$aa$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$1:1 ($$dominant:recessive)

Question 11

Which of the following is a critical insight from Mendel's experiments that contradicted the blending inheritance hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Traits can disappear in one generation and reappear in the next.

Question 12

In a dihybrid cross ($$AaBb 	imes AaBb$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring if the genes assort independently?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains the principle of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

Alleles for different genes segregate to gametes independently of one another.

Question 14

A pea plant with genotype $$RrYy ($$round, yellow) is testcrossed with $$rryy ($$wrinkled, green). What proportion of the offspring will be round and yellow if the genes assort independently?

Accepted Answer

$$1/4$$

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a reason Mendel chose peas for his experiments?

Accepted Answer

They are expensive and difficult to grow.

Question 16

What is the genotype of a pea plant that is homozygous for the dominant allele for seed shape?

Accepted Answer

$$RR$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a monohybrid cross?

Accepted Answer

A cross between individuals differing in one trait.

Question 18

If a plant with genotype $$Rr is $$crossed with a plant with genotype $$rr$$, what fraction of the offspring will have the wrinkled seed phenotype?

Accepted Answer

$$1/2$$

Question 19

Which of the following is true about Mendel's concept of genotype?

Accepted Answer

It is the specific combination of alleles an individual carries.

Question 20

Which real-world application best illustrates Mendel's principle of segregation?

Accepted Answer

A child inherits one allele for blood type from each parent, resulting in possible combinations such as $$IAIB$$, $$IAi$$, or $$IBi.$$

ch 14 pt 1

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드