Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel's law of segregation?

Accepted Answer

Two alleles for a heritable character separate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes.

Question 2

A pea plant with genotype $$Pp is $$crossed with another $$Pp$$ plant. What is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1 ($$purple:white)

Question 3

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A cross between red and white snapdragons produces pink offspring.

Question 4

In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($$YyRr 	imes YyRr$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why Mendel used true-breeding pea plants in his experiments?

Accepted Answer

True-breeding plants produce offspring with consistent traits, allowing Mendel to observe inheritance patterns clearly.

Question 6

A man with blood type AB and a woman with blood type O have a child. What are the possible blood types of their child?

Accepted Answer

A or B

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

A single gene causing multiple symptoms in sickle-cell disease.

Question 8

If a woman is a carrier for cystic fibrosis ($$Ff) $$and her partner is also a carrier ($$Ff$$), what is the probability that their child will have cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about codominance is correct?

Accepted Answer

Both alleles in the heterozygote are fully expressed.

Question 10

A pedigree shows a trait that appears in every generation and affects both males and females equally. What is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Genotype is the genetic makeup; phenotype is the physical appearance.

Question 12

In a testcross, an individual with an unknown genotype showing the dominant phenotype is crossed with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A homozygous recessive individual

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a reason why Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments?

Accepted Answer

They have a long generation time.

Question 14

A woman with genotype $$IAi$$ and a man with genotype $$IBi$$ have a child. What is the probability that their child will have blood type O?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best illustrates Mendel's law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

The inheritance of seed color does not affect the inheritance of seed shape in pea plants.

Question 16

A genetic disorder is caused by a dominant allele. If one parent is heterozygous for the disorder and the other is homozygous recessive, what is the probability that their child will inherit the disorder?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Height in humans, which is influenced by several genes.

Question 18

If a trait is controlled by two genes that interact so that one gene masks the expression of the other, this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Epistasis

Question 19

A couple has a child with sickle-cell disease, but neither parent has the disease. What are the genotypes of the parents?

Accepted Answer

Both are heterozygous carriers.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the physical basis for Mendel's law of segregation?

Accepted Answer

The separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis.

Mendel and the Gene Idea: Foundations of Modern Genetics

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