Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s law of segregation?

Accepted Answer

The two alleles for a heritable character separate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes.

Question 2

A pea plant with genotype $$Pp is $$crossed with another $$Pp$$ plant. What is the probability that an offspring will have white flowers?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 3

In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($$YyRr 	imes YyRr$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio for the offspring?

Accepted Answer

9:3:3:1

Question 4

Which term describes an organism with two identical alleles for a gene?

Accepted Answer

Homozygote

Question 5

A testcross is performed between a pea plant with purple flowers and a plant with white flowers. If some offspring have white flowers, what is the genotype of the purple-flowered parent?

Accepted Answer

Pp

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A cross between red and white snapdragons produces pink offspring.

Question 7

What is the probability that two carriers ($$Aa 	imes Aa) $$for albinism will have a child with albinism?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why dominant alleles are not necessarily more common in a population?

Accepted Answer

Dominant alleles can be rare due to mutation or negative selection, as seen in polydactyly.

Question 9

Which genetic phenomenon is illustrated by the ABO blood group system in humans?

Accepted Answer

Multiple alleles

Question 10

A Labrador retriever with genotype $$BbEe is $$crossed with another $$BbEe$$ dog. What is the expected ratio of black:chocolate:yellow puppies?

Accepted Answer

9:3:4

Question 11

Which of the following describes polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Multiple genes independently affect a single trait, such as human height.

Question 12

If the probability of a gamete carrying allele $$A is$$ $$\frac{1}{2}$$ and the probability of carrying allele $$B is$$ $$\frac{1}{2}$$, what is the probability of a gamete carrying both $$A$$ and $$B$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

The gene for sickle-cell disease causes multiple symptoms in affected individuals.

Question 14

Which scenario best illustrates the environmental impact on phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Hydrangeas grown in acidic soil are blue, while those in basic soil are pink.

Question 15

A couple, both carriers for cystic fibrosis ($$Ff 	imes Ff$$), have a child. What is the probability that the child will be a carrier but not have the disease?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes codominance?

Accepted Answer

Both alleles are expressed in the phenotype, as in AB blood type.

Question 17

What is the expected genotypic ratio for offspring from a monohybrid cross ($$Aa 	imes Aa$$)?

Accepted Answer

1 AA : 2 Aa : 1 aa

Question 18

Which of the following is a multifactorial trait?

Accepted Answer

Human height, influenced by both genes and environment.

Question 19

If a person with genotype $$Dd ($$dwarfism) mates with a person with genotype $$dd ($$normal), what is the probability their child will have dwarfism?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 20

Which of the following statements about sickle-cell disease is correct?

Accepted Answer

Heterozygotes for sickle-cell disease are less susceptible to malaria.

Mendel and the Gene Idea: Study Notes for General Biology

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드