Question 1

Based on the first pedigree (with red squares and circles), what pattern of inheritance does this trait most likely follow?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive

Question 2

In the first pedigree, why is autosomal recessive inheritance the best explanation for the observed pattern?

Accepted Answer

The trait can skip generations and appears in both males and females equally.

Question 3

In the second pedigree, what is the most likely genotype of individual 1 (the shaded circle at the top)?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous recessive

Question 4

In the second pedigree, what is the most likely mode of inheritance for the trait shown (shaded individuals)?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive

Question 5

In the second pedigree, what is the most likely genotype of individual 2 (the shaded square in the second generation)?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous recessive

Question 6

In the second pedigree, individual 3 (the unshaded square in the third generation) is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Homozygous dominant

Question 7

Which of the following statements best describes how you can distinguish between autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance in a pedigree?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant traits never skip generations, while autosomal recessive traits can.

Question 8

If two parents are both heterozygous for an autosomal recessive trait, what is the probability that their child will be affected?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 9

If a trait is X-linked recessive, which of the following is most likely to be true?

Accepted Answer

More males than females are affected.

Question 10

In a pedigree, if two unaffected parents have an affected child, what is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive

Question 11

If a pedigree shows that every affected individual has at least one affected parent, what is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a test cross?

Accepted Answer

Crossing an individual with a dominant phenotype with a homozygous recessive individual

Patterns of Inheritance: Mendelian Genetics and Pedigree Analysis

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