Question 1

Where is chlorophyll primarily located within the chloroplast?

Accepted Answer

In the thylakoid membrane

Question 2

After entering the plant through the stomata, where does the $$\mathrm{CO_2$} go $$for the light-independent reactions?

Accepted Answer

It enters the stroma of the chloroplast

Question 3

Why can't light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place in the dark?

Accepted Answer

Because they require light energy to excite electrons in chlorophyll

Question 4

Where does the Calvin cycle occur within the chloroplast?

Accepted Answer

In the stroma

Question 5

Which of the following correctly lists the three main steps of the Calvin cycle in order?

Accepted Answer

Carbon fixation, reduction, regeneration

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a product of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Water

Question 7

Why do six molecules of $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$ enter the chloroplast for the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

To provide enough carbon to synthesize one molecule of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$)

Question 8

Is $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$ involved in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

No, it is only involved in the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions)

Question 9

When water is split during photosynthesis, which three products are formed?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen, protons ($$H^+$$), and electrons ($$e^-)$$

Question 10

What is the main pigment that absorbs light energy in photosynthesis, and where is it located?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll in the thylakoid membrane

Question 11

What is the source of the electrons that enter Photosystem II (P680) during the light-dependent reactions?

Accepted Answer

Splitting of water ($$H_2O)$$

Question 12

Which molecule ultimately accepts the electrons that leave Photosystem I (P700) in the light-dependent reactions?

Accepted Answer

NADP$$^+$$

Question 13

After being produced in the light-dependent reactions, where do ATP and NADPH go?

Accepted Answer

They are used in the Calvin cycle in the stroma

Question 14

After NADPH is used in the Calvin cycle, what happens to NADP$$^+$$?

Accepted Answer

It is recycled back to the light-dependent reactions

Question 15

What is the first stable molecule produced after $$CO_2$$ enters the Calvin cycle, and how many carbon atoms does it contain?

Accepted Answer

3-phosphoglycerate (PGA), 3 carbons

Question 16

After ATP is used in the Calvin cycle, where does ADP go?

Accepted Answer

It returns to the light-dependent reactions to be rephosphorylated

Question 17

What molecule supplies the energy for the conversion of PGA to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (DPGA) in the Calvin cycle, and how was this molecule generated?

Accepted Answer

ATP, generated by photophosphorylation in the light-dependent reactions

Question 18

Why is energy needed to pump $$H^+$$ ions across the thylakoid membrane during photosynthesis, and what type of transport is this?

Accepted Answer

To create a proton gradient for ATP synthesis; active transport

Question 19

Which molecule is regenerated to keep the Calvin cycle operating, and which molecule serves a similar role in the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) in the Calvin cycle; oxaloacetate in the Krebs cycle

Question 20

Which statement best describes how C4 plants differ from C3 plants?

Accepted Answer

C4 plants fix $$CO_2 in $$mesophyll cells and then transfer it to bundle sheath cells, reducing photorespiration

Question 21

Which step in cellular respiration also occurs in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chemiosmosis (ATP synthesis via a proton gradient)

Photosynthesis and Plant Metabolism: Study Guide

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